zesch] STUD VI XG BUTTERFLIES 243 



a position as will enable the caterpillar to get fresh food. This 

 will avoid unnecessary handling of the caterpillar. When the 

 caterpillar is nearly full grown, he should t>2 furnished with some 

 support, such as a stick, to which he can attach himself. When the 

 caterpillar has changed into the chrysalis, it is best, if he has been 

 kept in a shallow dish, to remove the chrysalis and support to a 

 larger receptacle so that, when the butterfly emerges, he will have 

 room to spread his wings. 



So far everything that has been said has dealt with the care of 

 the caterpillar; next the mode of observation must be considered. 

 For the most systematic study, regular intervals for observation 

 must be decided upon from the very beginning, and all observa- 

 tions, with their dates, should be carefully recorded. These 

 observations can be made only by close, prolonged study of the 

 specimens; the observer must always bear in mind that it takes 

 time and sharp eyes to see the very slight changes which sometimes 

 occur in nature. Oftentimes sketches, diagrams, and photographs 

 will be of great assistance. For observations I have found the 

 following outline of great assistance. This outline gives the points 

 which should be observed during the study. 



i -i Egg stage. 



1-2 Placing on food plant . 

 i -3 Conspicuousness . 

 2-3 Side of leaf upon which it is placed. 

 3-3 Kind of plant upon which it is placed. 

 2-2 Size. 

 3-2 Shape. 

 4-2 Iridescence. 



5-2 Changes in color during development. 

 6-2 Escape of caterpillar. 

 1-3 Mode. 

 1-3 Place. 



3-3 Eating of egg shell. 

 2-1 Caterpillar stage. 

 1-2 Shape. 



1-3 General outline. 

 2-3 Armory. 



1-4 Osmateria. 

 2-4 Spines. 

 3-4 Hairs. 

 3-3 Value in protection. 



