VERBS. 



15 



h6i, crumble, gap 

 idata, scratch 

 lide6a, tear^ smash 

 hdoka, make a hole 

 hepa, exhaust 

 hi6a, arouse 

 Yipa., fall down 

 hpu, crumble off 

 htaka, catch, grip 

 law, peel 



huga, jam, smash 

 kawa, open 

 k6a, untangle 

 kig6a, scrape off 

 kiqza, creak 

 koqta, notch 

 ksa, separate 

 ksa, bend 

 k^i^a, double up 

 ktai), bend 

 mdaza, spread open 

 mda^a, burst out 



inda,Jine, pulverize 



mna, rip 



mni, spread out 



pota, wear out 



psaka, break in two 



psuq, spill 



psuq, dislocate 



pta, cut out, pare off 



ptaqyar), turn over 



ptu^a, crack, split 



sba, ravel 



sbu, dangle 



sde6a, split 



ski6a, press 



skita, draw tight 



smiq, scrape off 



sna, ring 



sota, clear off, whitish 



saka, press down 



6ka, tie 



6ki6a, press 



^na, miss 



Verbs formed by Prefixes. 



^pa, break off 



6pi, joic^ 0^ 



&pu, fall off 



6u^a, jnasA 



taka, touch, make fast 



taq, «)e//, <omcA 



tepa, wear off 



tida, scrape 



tipa, contract 



titaq, pw/Z 



tkuga, 6reaAr q^ 



tpi, cracA; 



tpu, crumble, fall off 



we^SL, fracture 



w'n)ia., bend down 



zamni, open out 



ia, stir 



iaf a, rub out, efface 



iiT), stiff 



iipa, pinch 



iuq, root out 



inixx, come to pieces. 



§ 34. The syllables ' ba,' ' bo,' ' ka,' ' na,' ' pa,' ' ya,' and • yu,' are prefixed to 

 verbal roots, adjectives, and some neuter verbs, making of them active transitive 

 verbs, and usually indicating the mode and instrument of the action. 



a. The syllable ' ba ' prefixed shows that the action is done by cutting or sawing, 

 and that a knife or saw is the instrument. 



6. The prefix ' bo ' signifies that the action is done by shooting with a gun or 

 arrow, by punching with a stick, or by any instrument thrown endwise. It also 

 expresses the action of rain and hail; and is used in reference to blowing with the 

 mouth, as, bosni, to blow out. 



c. The prefix ' ka' denotes that the action is done by striking, as with an axe or 

 club, or by shaving. It is also used to denote the effects of wind and of running 

 water. 



d. The prefix ' na ' generally signifies that the action is done with the foot or by 

 pressure. It is also used to express the involuntary action of things, as the bursting 

 of a gun, the warping of a board and cracking of timber, and the effects of freezing, 

 boiling, etc. 



e. The prefix ' pa ' shows that the action is done by pushing or rubbing with the 

 hand. 



f. The prefiix ' ya ' signifies that the action is performed with the mouth. 



g. The prefix ' yxi ' may be regarded as simply causative or effective. It has an 



