34 



ETYMOLOGY, 



b. Sometimes they are compounded of a noun and verb; as, Aki6ita-naiiq, 

 Standing-soldier or Sentinel ; Tatar)ka-na:iin, Standing-buffalo ; Mahpiya-mani, 

 Walking-cloud ; Waqmdi-okiya, One-who-talks-with-the-cagle ; Mahpiya-hdinape, 

 Cloud-that-appears-again. 



c. Sometimes they are formed of two verbs ; as, Ir)yar)g-mani, One-who-walks- 

 running. In some instances a preposition is prefixed ; as, Anawar)g-mani, One- 

 who-walks-as-he-gallops-on. 



§ 71. The names of the women are formed in the same way, but generally have 

 *wiq ' or 'wiqna,' yema/e, added; as, Aqpetu-sapa-wii), Black-day-woman ; Mahpi- 

 wiqna, Cloud-woman. 



§ 72. The Dakotas have no family or surnames. But the children of a family 

 have particular names which belong to them, in the order of their birth, up to the 

 fifth child. These names are, for boys, Caske, Hepar), Hepi, Cataq, and Hake. 

 For girls, they are, Winona, Hapai), Hapistiqna, Waqske, and Wihake. Thus 

 the first child, if a boy, is called Caske, if a girl, Winona ; the second, if a boy, is 

 called Hepaq, and if a girl, Hapaq, etc. If there are more than five children in the 

 family, the others have no names of this kind. 



§ 73. The names of certain family relations, both male and female, are pre- 

 sented in the following table : 



r^f 



The other relations, as, father, mother, uncle, aunt, grandfather, grandmother, 

 etc., are designated, both by men and women, by the same names. 



CHAPTER IV. 



ADJECTIVES. 



§ 74. 1. Most adjectives in Dakota may be considered as primitive ; as, ska, 

 white, tar)ka, large, waste, good. 



2. A few are formed from verbs by prefixing 'wa;' as, oq^ida, to have mercy on 

 one, waoqsida, merciful ; caqtekiya, to love, wadaqtkiya, benevolent. 



