40 



ETYMOLOGY. 



b. ' Ki6i ' incorporated into verbs means for ; as, kaksa, to chop off, as a stick ; 

 ki(5i6aksa, to chop off for one. 



§ 93. The preposition ' i ' is prefixed to a class of adverbs giving them the force 

 of prepositions. In these cases it expresses relation to or connexion with the pre- 

 ceding noun ; as, tehaq, for, itehaq, for foom any time or place ; heyata, behind, 

 iheyata, back of something. These adverbial prepositions are such as : 



iako, beyond 

 iakan, upon 

 iaskadai), near to 

 idahda, by, near to 

 ihakam, behind 

 ihduk^aq, round about 

 ihektara, behind 



ihukuya, U7ider 

 iheyata, behind, back of 

 ikaqyeta, down from 

 ikiyedag, near to 

 isaqpa, beyond 

 itakasaqpa, over from 

 itaijkan, without 



itehar) , far from 

 itokam, before 

 iwaqkam, above 

 iyohakam, after 

 iyotahedaq, between 

 iyotahepi, between 

 iyotakoqs, opposite to. 



CHAPTER VII. 



CONJUNCTIONS. 



§ 94. Conjunctions in Dakota, as in other languages, are used to connect words 

 and sentences ; as, waste ]j;a ksapa, good and wise ; wi6asta si6e6a koya, men and 

 children : " Uqkaq Wakar)tar)ka, Ozaqiaq kta, eya : uqkar) o^aqi^ai)," And God 

 said, ' Let light be :' and light was. 



§ 95. The following is a list of the principal conjunctions ; viz. : uqkaq, ^a and 

 (Ja, and ; ko and koya, also, and ; uqkaq^, kiqhaq and 6ir)haq, kinahag and (Sina- 

 har), if ; e^ta and sta, kes and 6e^, kes and (Jes, although ; kaes and (Jae^, t:eyas 

 and (Jeya^, even if; k:a i^, or ; tuka, but. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



INTERJECTIONS. 



§ 96. It is very difficult to translate, or even to classify Dakota interjections. 

 Those in common use may be arranged under the following heads, according to 

 the emotions they express. 



Pain: yuq ! wiqswi ! ah! oh! 



Regret : hehe ! hehehe ! hughe ! hug hug he ! oh ! alas ! 



Surprise: hopidag ! hopidagniye ! hopidagsni ! igah ! inama ! igyug ! iyanaka! 

 wonderful ! surprising ! astonishing ! truly ! indeed ! 



Attention : a ! e ! bes ! hiwo ! iho ! ito ! mali ! toko ! wag ! hark ! look ! see ! 

 behold ! halloo ! 



Self-praise : ihdatag ! ihdatagh ! boast ! 



Affrmation: e6alie ! e6as ! e6aes ! ees ! ehaes ! ehtakaes ! eyake^ ! eyakes ! 

 nakas ! nakaes ! indeed ! truly ! yes ! 



Disbelief: eze ! hes ! higte ! ho ! hoe6ah ! iyesni6a ! oho ! fe ! fudge ! you donH 

 say so ! 



