PART THIRD 



SYNTAX. 



CHAPTER I. 



PRONOUNS. 

 PLACE OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 



Incorporated Pronouns. 



§ 97. The incorporated pronouns are either prefixed to or inserted into verbs, 

 adjectives, and nouns. 



1. Position in Verbs. 



§ 98. 1. a. Monosyllabic verbs, such as, ba, to blame, da, to ask for, etc., neces- 

 sarily prefix the pronouns ; as, mayaba, (me-thou-blamest) thou blamest me. 



b. Those verbs which are formed by adding the prefixes ' ka ' and ' pa,' and also 

 the possessive forms in ' kpa ' or ' tpa,' ' hda,' and ' hdu,' have the pronouns pre- 

 fixed; as, kaksa, to cut off with an axe, wakaksa, I cut off; pagaq, to part with any 

 thing, wapagaq, I part with ; kpagaq and tpagarj, to part with one's own, wakpagag, 

 / part with my own ; hduta, to eat one's own, wahduta, / eat my own. 



c. Other verbs, v^hose initial letter is ' d ' or ' k,' have the pronouns prefixed ; as, 

 daka, to esteem so, wadaka, / esteem so ; kaga, to make, yakaga, thou makest. 



d. For the forms of the subjective pronouns of the first person singular and the 

 second person singular and plural of verbs in ' ya ' and ' yu,' see §§ 39. b, 50. 



2. a. All verbs commencing with a vowel which is not a prefix, insert the 

 pronouns immediately after the vowel ; as, opa, to follow, owapa, I follow ; except- 

 ing the first person plural, ' uqk,' which is prefixed; as, uqkopapi, we follow. But 

 ouqpapi is also used. 



b. The prefixing of the prepositions ' a,' ' e,' ' i,' ' o,' does not alter the place of 

 the pronouns ; as, ka^taq, to pour out, waka^taq, I pour out ; oka^taq, to pour out in, 

 owaka^taq, / pour out in; paita, to bind, pawahta, I bind ; apahta, to bind on, 

 apawahta, / bind on. 



c. Verbs formed from verbal roots and adjectives by prefixing ' ba,' ' bo,' and 

 ' na,' take the pronouns after the prefix ; as, baksa, to cut off with a knife, bawaksa, 

 I cut off; boksa, to shoot off, as a limb, boyaksa, thou shootest off; naksa, to break 

 off with the foot, nawaksa, I break off with the foot. 



d. Other verbs whose initial letter is ' 6,' ' 6,' ' m,' or ' n,' have the pronouns 

 inserted after the first syllable ; as, 6apa, to stab, 6awapa, / stab ; mani, to walk, 



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