76 VEGETATION OF THE PEAK DISTRICT [OH. 



Ulmus glabra Chaerophyllum temulum 



( = U. montana) Cnicus heterophyllus 



Sisymbrium officinalis Phragmites communis 



Geum urbanum Arrhenatherum elatius 

 Rubus caesius ( = A. avenaceum) 



Rosa arvensis Bracbypodium gracile 



Vicia sepium Arum maculatum 



Acer campestre Allium ursinum 



Sanicula europaea Tamus communis 



Caucalis Anthriscus Orcbis mascula 



The ash woods are much richer in species than the oak 

 and birch woods, in spite of the fact that the species character- 

 istic of soils containing acidic humus are abundant in the 

 latter woods and absent from the former woods. Indeed, the 

 floristic wealth of the ash woods is even greater than mere 

 lists indicate, for several of the species which are rare and 

 local in the oak and birch woods are more abundant and 

 general in the ash woods. The following species belong to the 

 latter class : 



Populus tremula Valeriana officinalis 



Mercurialis perennis Campanula latifolia 1 



Trollius europaeus Cnicus heterophyllus 1 



Aquilegia vulgaris 1 Poa nemoralis 



Sisymbrium officinalis Melica nutans 1 



Rubus saxatilis 1 Agropyrum caninum 



Rosa tomentosa Festuca sylvatica 



R. glauca Hordeum europaeum 1 



R. arvensis Carex sylvatica 1 



Pyrus Aria 1 Paris quadrifolia 1 



Geranium sylvaticum 1 Convallaria majalis 1 



Polygala vulgaris Helleborine latifolia 

 Tilia cordata 1 ( = Epipactis latifolia) 



Acer campestre Listera ovata 



Primula vulgaris Orchis mascula 



Myosotis sylvatica 1 Habenaria virescens 

 Adoxa Moschatellina ( = H. chlorantha) 



Some species which are characteristic of the ash woods of 

 Yorkshire (cf. Smith and Rankin, 1903) do not occur so far 

 south as Derbyshire, and apparently find the intervening 

 non-calcareous soils an effectual barrier. Actaea spicata, 



1 These species are not recorded by Linton (1903) for any of the oak woods 

 of Derbyshire ; but they occur in such woods on the eastern slopes of the Pennines 

 a little to the north of the Peak District. 



