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VEGETATION OF SOUTH FLORIDA 



depended upon the depth of the water and on other factors. Sometimes 

 these associations fronted a cypress bay (Plate VIII, Fig. i) with waxberry, 

 Cerothamnus (Myrica) ceriferus (L.) Small, with the cypress trees draped with 

 Spanish-moss. The cat-tail, Typha, was in evidence in pure association. 

 The plants collected by me on August 10, 1911, most of them in full flower, in 

 the 6-mile tramp across these marshes, were Cyperus speciosus Vahl., Di- 

 chromena colorata (L.) A. Hitchc., Eriocaulon decangulare L., Gyrotheca 

 tinctoria (Walt.) Salisb., Polygala cruciata L., P. lutea L., P. ramosa Ell., 

 Hibiscus furcellatus Lam., Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) A. Gray, Ascyrum 

 tetrapetalum (Lam.) Vail, Hypericum aspalathoides Willd., Triadenum 

 virginianum (L.) Raf., Ludwigia alata Ell., a tall umbellifer, Oxypolis filiformis 

 (Walt.) Britton, Sabbatia grandiflora (A. Gray) Small, Nama corymbosum 

 (Ell.) Kuntze, Hyptis radiata Willd., Eupatorium recurvans Small, Pluchea 

 foetida (L.) B. S. P., P. imbricata (Kearney) Nash. The showy plants were 

 those of the genera Hibiscus, Kosteletzkya, Sabbatia and Nama. A species of 

 bladderwort, Utricularia, was common, and a fern, Blechnum serrulatum Rich., 

 grew at the edges of the cypress heads. The herbs enumerated above were 

 not gathered in one association, but were scattered here and there through the 

 saw-grass, the leaves of which were blackened in spots by an epiphytic, parasitic 

 fungus, Meliola sp. The climbing hempweed, perhaps Mikania batatifolia 

 DC., was found growing over the saw-grass clumps. After this glade is crossed, 

 a pure forest of the slash-pine, Pinus caribaea Morelet, stretches for a distance 

 of 6 to 9 kilometers (4 to 6 miles) to the eastern edge of the Everglades 

 proper. 



In the Everglades west of the headwaters of the Miami River exist clumps 

 of low shrubs, such as the buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis L., and 

 Baccharis glomeruliflora Pers., with which enters into association the royal- 

 fern, Osmunda regalis L. The plants of the Everglades associated with the 

 saw-grass, which grows here 2 meters (6 feet) tall, are more or less scattered, 

 and one in walking through the saw-grass finds here one, then another. A 

 conspicuous plant growing as tall as the saw-grass, is Eupatorium capillifo- 

 lium (Lam.) Small, while Mikania batatifolia DC., as a vine, ascends any avail- 

 able plant. Outside of these few, we find the following species as elements 

 of the Everglade vegetation: 



