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VEGETATION OF SOUTH FLORIDA ' 



dium Association), as does the cat-tail, Typha angustifolia L., which alternates 

 as a pure association with areas of mangroves. The pickerel-weed, Pontederia 

 cordata L., is also found in pure groups (Pontederia Association in Plate VI, 

 Fig. i), and so is the spatterdock, Nymphaea (Nuphar) advena macrophylla 

 (Small) Miller & Standley (Nymphaea Association). The reed-grass, Phrag- 

 mites, is found in exclusive growth and is conspicuous in some places. One of 

 the most striking associations was that formed of a large, floating bladderwort, 

 Utricularia oligosperma St. Hil., found at the junction of the North and South 

 forks of the Miami River. The submerged associations of aquatic plants, 

 which clog the ordinary propellers of power boats, are characterized by the 

 pure growth and the prevalence of Vallisneria americana Michx., Naias flexilis 

 (Willd.) Rostk., and brittlewort, Chara sp. Again the associations may be 

 formed by an admixture of these prominent marsh species. Sometimes one, 

 two, or even three or four, are found associated (Plate VI, Fig. i); so that 

 we have many combinations of these plants along the Miami River banks. 

 Several species are rarely found in pure association, but they enter as elements 

 of the other associations such plants as the fern, Acrostichum aureum L., 

 sedge, Dichromena colorata (L.) A. S. Hitchc., spider-lily, Crinum americanum 

 L., Nymphoides (Limnanthemum) aquaticum (Nutt.) Kuntze, and Nama 

 corymbosum (Ell.) Kuntze, the last in the wet sand at the stream's edge. 

 The woody plants at the inner edge of the marsh have been described among 

 river hammock plants (Plate VI, Fig. i). 



The marsh plants of Hancock Creek, a tributary of the Caloosahatchee 

 River, opposite Ft. Myers, are: 



Sacciolepsis striata (Lam.) Nash. 



Scirpus validus Vahl. 



Piaropus (Pontederia) crassipes (Mart.) Britt. 



Crinum americanum L. 



Ceratophyllum demersum L. 



Kosteletzkya althaeifolia (Chapm.) A. Gray. 



Hydrocotyle umbellata L. 



Several other large marshes, not so large as the Everglades, but of sufficient 

 size to merit recognition on the map drawn to a scale of y^.'jnnfi are Halpatiokee 

 Marsh, north of Jupiter River, the Loxahatchee Marsh, which is continuous 

 with the Everglades and drains into Jupiter River, the Tlalhlopopkahatchee 

 Marsh at the head-waters of Fisheating Creek and the Okaloacoochee Marsh, 



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