LIVING MATTER 73 



Perhaps, however, it may be right to call 

 the attention of those unaccustomed to con- 

 sider biological problems to the difference 

 apart from all question of multitude or number 

 of cells which exists between the unicellular 

 and the multicellular organism. In the former 

 case all the functions which the animal per- 

 forms are carried out by the single cell. To 

 put matters plainly this one cell is brains, lungs, 

 heart, stomach, intestines and reproductive 

 mechanism. In the multicellular organism 

 there is a division of labour, so that whilst 

 there are many more cells, each of them is 

 capable of doing less work or a lesser variety 

 of work than the single cell of Amoeba. We 

 may compare the conditions exhibited by the 

 two to the older and the newer conditions of 

 mechanical labour. In olden days the artisan 

 made the whole of say a watch, nowadays, 

 he makes a pin or a screw and nothing else 

 and knows and perhaps cares nothing about 

 what the pin or screw is for or how it affects 

 tiie operations of other workmen. 



Moreover in the multicellular organism each 

 cell has its own life as well as sharing in that 

 of the whole body. It may have its birth and 

 its death, of both of which the body as a whole 

 is entirely ignorant. 



But whether it is an isolated cell or a member 



