142 NE\\' YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



1)0 discussed under tlie api)ropriate headin_2^s) : but the liody, as 

 a wlidle. d<'e> imi suffer until secondary c<)m])licati()ns. such as 

 bronchitis. h\ pi 'sialic jmcuuinnia and similar terminal ciniditinns 

 arise. 



Fur tliesc reasons it ha])pens that the animals often remain 

 satisfactory subjects for exhil)ition luitil the deformities or 

 paralyses become sufficiently marked to attract the attention of 

 the ordinar\- ol)sir\er. In some cases, wlu-re the ai)petite remains 

 pxtd. ])robal)ly as the result of the lack of normal exercise, the 

 animal, particularly the hahodiis, ma\ become too fat. Emacia- 

 tion is, however. eventualK an accom])animent of tlie terminal 

 stages of the disease in all except the very acute and actively 

 progressive cases. 



Skin and Mucous Membranes. — The color of the skin and 

 mucous membranes tle])eu(ls largely on tlu- cmidiiion of the blood. 

 In the middle and later stages the hair becomes rough and brittle, 

 or it may fall out in ])laces. The surface of the skin is covered 

 with thickrnc'd (.■])ithelial scales. Tro])hic uIcits at ])oints of 

 jiressure, as over the tul)erosities of the ischitmi, are common in 

 tlie terminal state. Thev are indolent, gangrenous and show little 

 tendency to heal. The mucosa of the tongue becomes covered 

 with a thick coating and sores de\elop on the teeth. As a rule 

 tluse changes ap]:)ear only in the later ])art of the disease and in 

 the earlier stages no changes in these membranes are to be foimd. 

 As a rule, the sub-dermal fat of the ])aralyzed extremities hnally 

 becomes atrojihic. 



Blood. — ( )n account of the lack of a well-established normal 

 standard in tacli i>f the various s])ecies, bl 1 counts and haemo- 

 globin tests are unsatisfactory and we must rely, for judgment 

 as to the haemic state, entirely on the general a])])earance of the 

 blood and on the tissues in which it circulates, also on the morpho- 

 logical variations in the character of the cells. With these points 

 as the basis of dur com])arison w c bt'lii'vi- that, a^ a rule, little 

 or no change in the mor])hology of tlu' blund takes i)Lice. I'xcept 

 in the later stages of the disease', when' man\ i-omplicating con- 

 ditions arise. We have been unable to sub^taiuiate the increase 

 of eosino])hiIes described by Xeusser in man ( W'einer Klinische 

 W'ochenschrift, Xr. 3, 1892), nor the lymphocytosis found l)y 

 Reider (Heitrage zur kentnisse der leucocyten. i8(;2). Leuco- 

 cytosis naturally develops in the terminal conditions, as do also 

 the various tyjjcs of abnormal red cells (see cases X and XI). 

 When one considers the very extensive disease of the boui' mar- 

 row and the frequency with which, in r)ther conditions, eosiiio- 



