EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 125 



throughout the ascending as well as descending tracts, but no defi- 

 nite systematic degeneration was present. 



Vascular alterations, chiefly an acute exudative arteritis, was 

 present in the anterior horns in a few patches, and elsewhere many 

 of the smaller vessels showed a chronic proliferative arteritis ; the 

 larger vessels seem to be free from these changes. 



Conclusions. — This case apparently represents one of poliomye- 

 litis of rather recent origin associated with a chronic proliferative 

 arteritis of the smaller vessels of the cord. 



Case v. 



Himalayan Bear (Ursus torquatus). — This animal was re- 

 ceived at the New York Zoological Park showing on its arrival 

 a partial paralysis of the hind extremities. This was accompanied 

 by a slight atrophy of the muscles of these limbs, but the case dif- 

 fered from the ordinary one of "cage paralysis," in that this ani- 

 mal gave many manifestations of most intense sensory disturb- 

 ances. If we may judge from the actions of the animal, it suf- 

 fered from pains of a darting or lancinating character confined 

 to the paralyzed extremities, and so severe that the animal in pain 

 and anger would often turn and savagely strip the skin and mus- 

 cles of the extremities with fangs and claws, so that in mercy the 

 animal was killed by chloroform. 



I am indebted to Dr. Frank Miller for the clinical observations 

 on this case and for the spinal cord which he removed and kindly 

 sent to me for microscopic examination. 



The case differs very materially from those of typical "cage pa- 

 ralysis," but it has seemed best to introduce it in this series, since, 

 except for the presence of paresthesia, the manifestations were 

 fairly typical of this clinically indefinite disorder. 



We have been unable to obtain anything in regard to the pre- 

 vious history of this animal. Judging from the lesions found the 

 condition must have been of long standing. 



MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION. 



Spinal Cord. — Membranes. — The dura mater appears normal 

 throughout. The pia-arachnoid is not thickened, but its vessels 

 are universally congested ; no exudate, however, surrounds the 

 vessels and the condition is apparently largely passive. The lym- 

 phatics of the membranes, as well as those of the cord, contain 

 numerous bacteria. Three varieties are most common, namely, a 

 coccus (staphylococcus), a long, slim, square-ended bacillus and a 

 spirillum. From the fact that no local inflammatory reaction ap- 



