STRUCTURE OP BIRDS. 



139 



Fig. 2. 



Upper surface of Right Wing of a Bird extended to show the relations between the 

 flight-feathers and coverts. 



1. Primaries I 



Remiges. 



2. Secondaries i 



3. Major coverts of primaries. 



4. Major coverts of secondaries. 



5. Median coverts. 



6. Minor coverts. 



7. Marginal coverts. 



8. Remiges of bastard wing. 



9. Scapulars. 



Fig. 3. 



Under surface of Contour-feather showing aftershaft. 



1. Shaft {Mhachis). 



2. Vane. 



3. Quill (Calamus). 



4. Aftershaft {Hyporhachis), 



