42 EELIQUI^: AQUITANICJE. 



Description of the Figures. 



Fig. 16. Knife handled as a double dagger. 1 Fastened with thongs of deer-skin 

 Fig. 17. Knife handled for cutting (used I parchment applied in a wet state. 



as a Drawing Knife). Figs. 16 and 18 have cords for the 



Fig. 18. Knife handled as a dagger. wrist. 



Fig. 19. An Axe or, rather, large Chisel, used for felling trees. The material is a 



hard dark-green or blackish stone, which I take to be hornblende. N.B. Flint, 



obsidian, agate, &c. are used for arrow-heads and other purposes, according to 



the circumstances of the locality. 

 Fig. 20. An Arrow-head of agate. Spear-heads and knives of analogous material 



are commonly found in the vicinity of ancient villages in different parts where 



the earth is disturbed. Frequently of felspar, I think. 

 Figs. 21 and 22. Adzes (formerly of stone) with handles of various shapes, of which 



two are here represented. Tied on with leathern thongs. 

 Fig. 23. A Stone Pestle for crushing fish-roes or other substances. Frequently 



for pulverizing bones, so as to extract the marrow by boiling. 

 Fig. 24. Whip-handle of Wapiti deer-horn (the horns of young bucks are selected), 



used among the interior tribes who possess horses. The thong fastened into 



the hollowed but-end with a peg, as shown. These horn whip-handles are fre- 



quently much ornamented with fanciful tracings. There is a perforation at the 



upper end for the wrist-cord, so that the bow and arrow or gun may be used 



on horseback without losing the whip. 

 Fig. 25. There are Bone Awls for ordinary purposes of various simple shapes, which 



can readily be imagined. The one figured is in use for sewing bark canoes : 



a large awl having a hook near the end, by means of which the watt ape (root- 



fibre with which the canoe is fastened) can be drawn through the perforation. 

 Fig. 26. A Bone sharpened for taking off the hair from deer-skins in dressing 



them. Stone and bone or horn implements of various forms but all made 



thin at the edge are used for this purpose. 

 Fig. 27. A Bone Pin (the spina of Tacitus). 

 Figs. 28 and 29. Fish-hooks of bone, or wood and bone combined. The fastenings 



of all implements intended for use in the water are of cedar-bark or other 



vegetable fibre. 

 Fig. 30. A Fish-spear. Fig. 31. A Fish-spear of a simpler kind. In both cases the 



haft fixes into a socket, as shown. When withdrawn, the fish is retained by 



the connecting cord. 



