172 EBLIQUI^E AQTJITANIC^E. 



been scraped so as to produce a kind of raddle or red paint, which must have been 

 used by the occupants of the cave for ornamental purposes. There are also traces 

 of hearths and fragments of charcoal, as well as a great deal of sooty matter 

 dispersed through the bed. Numerous bones and teeth are, as usual, interspersed. 

 The former, if they were such as contained marrow, have in all cases been broken, 

 probably with the pebbles already mentioned as having been used as hammers, 

 while the bones without marrow, such for instance as the numerous small bones 

 of the carpus and tarsus, have been left not only unbroken but in many cases 

 undisturbed in their relative positions, proving, as M. Lartet has remarked, that 

 the ancient hunters who inhabited these spots, though greedy for marrow, did not 

 care for gristle, and moreover had no dogs. Harpoons and arrow-heads of Rein- 

 deer-horn, bone needles, and whistles formed by piercing a hole in the lower side 

 of the hollow phalanges of Deer have been found here, the latter having also 

 occurred at Laugerie Basse. Besides these, bones and even pieces of schist with 

 engravings of various animals upon them have been discovered. A fragment of 

 Elephant's tusk, showing traces of human work, and a metacarpal of a young 

 Fells, of great size (F. spelcea ?), presenting numerous cuts and scratches like 

 those on the bones of other animals in the mass of refuse, have also occurred. 



Remains of Animals in the Caves. The animal-remains, whether from La 

 Madelaine, Laugerie, or Les Eyzies, are, as I have already observed, for the most 

 part of the same species. The complete list has not yet been published by 

 MM. Lartet and Christy ; but the following appear to be the animals whose bones 

 are found in the greatest abundance : 



Equus caballus. 

 Sus scrofa. 

 Cervus tarandus. 



elaphus. 



capreolus. 



Megaceros hibernicus. 

 Antilope rupicapra. 



saiga. 



Ibex. 

 Bos. 



Bison europaeus. 

 Spermophilus. 

 Lepus timidus. 

 Sciurus. 



Besides these, remains of several species of Birds and Fishes have been found. 



Besides these remains of the lower animals, a few Human remains have occurred. 

 At Les Eyzies part of the jaw of an individual, of small stature, was found among 

 the debris, but its position appears to be undetermined ; while at La Madelaine the 

 fragment of the skull, the half of the jaw, and several of the long bones of a large 

 subject were discovered in the midst of the fragmentary bones and worked flints 

 which constitute the mass. These human remains I have not seen ; but the frag- 

 mentary state of the cranium and the occurrence of the bones in the middle of an 



