BIED-BONES FOUND IN THE CAVES. 241 



40. THE CAPERCAILLIE. Tetrao urogallus, Linne. Le grand Coq de Bruyere. 



The Capercaillie is rare in the Caves. I first recognized its remains in the Station 

 of Saleve (near the shore of the Lake of Geneva), and at Verezzi (in Liguria); after- 

 wards I found this species at Bruniquel and Lacombe-Tayac ; but it is represented 

 there by only a small number of bones. 



41. THE BLACK GROUSE. Tetrao tetrix, Linne. Le Tetras a queue fourchue. 

 This species, as well as the preceding, is common in the mountains of Sweden, 



Norway, and Germany ; it is also seen in France, but is there becoming more and 

 more rare. A few bones of it have been found in the Caves at Le Moustier and 

 Massat. 



42. THE GREY PARTRIDGE. Tetrao perdix, Linne" ; Perdix cinerea, Charleton. 



La Perdrix grise. 



I have already had occasion to say that the greater part of the bones from the 

 Caves which had been regarded as belonging to the Partridge should be referred 

 either to the Willow-Grouse or to the Ptarmigan ; such are : those from the Cave 

 at Brengues, cited by M. Puel; and those from Mallet and Jobertas, Fausan, 

 Salleles, and Bize, noticed by M. Marcel de Serres. Among the hundreds of 

 remains of Tetrao sent me by M. Lartet, I have found scarcely any Partridge- 

 bones ; and it is to be observed that the beds in which they are found are gene- 

 rally of a more recent date than those of Les Eyzies, La Madelaine, and, especially, 

 Aurignac : the places I allude to are the Stations of Lacombe, Les Escoutiers, 

 Lourdes, and the Cave of L'Eglise. Partridges seem to have first appeared when 

 Willow-Grouse quitted Prance. 



The Caves of Old Castile, searched by M. Louis Lartet, did not contain one 

 Lagopus; but Partridges were common there. At the present day the Grey 

 Partridge is rare in the south of France, where, on the contrary, Bed Partridges 

 abound ; nevertheless it is seen as far southward as North Africa. 



43. THE COCK. Gallus. Le Coq. 



Naturalists are generally agreed in admitting that the Cock is a native of Asia, 

 and that its introduction into Europe is relatively recent. Bones of this bird, 

 however, are found associated with those of Ursus spelceus, Rhinoceros, and the 

 large Felis. In France, then, there was a species of the genus Gallus at a very 

 ancient period ; and it cannot be supposed that it had been conveyed thither by 

 Man more especially as the number of the bones found up to the present in the 



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