268 



HELIQULE AQTJITANICJE. 



of "No. 1" from Cro-Magnon. The description of the horizontal rami, as well 

 as of the teeth which they bear, would be very similar to those above given by 

 Pruner-Bey, Broca, and ourselves. The muscular impressions are very distinct. 

 The solidity of the teeth, the thickness of the enamel (nearly 2 millims.), their 

 relatively small size, &c. have already been given in this work. The first molar, 

 11*5 millims. long, is still stouter than the second, the length of which is 1O5 

 millims. ; it has five tubercles, while the latter has but four. The wisdom-tooth 

 is small, fixed by two double roots ; the revolving wear, proceeding from behind 

 forwards and from within outwards, modifies the masticating surfaces along an 

 almost regular helicoidal curve which strongly reminds us of that in " No. 4 " 

 from Cro-Magnon, &c. One character (on which, besides, we are not sufiiciently 

 enlightened) deserves a more attentive examination; we mean the obliquity of 

 the socket of the second premolar. In the celebrated mandible represented by 

 fig. 95 (after the engraving published by M. Dupont*) this alveolus is directed 

 obliquely outward and backward. The Clichy mandible (the description of which 

 will be found in the First Part of the ' Crania Ethnica,' now publishing, by myself 

 and M. de Quatrefages) presents the same disposition. In that from La Made- 

 laine, on the contrary, the alveolus of the second premolar is oblique outwards 

 and forwards. "We shall finish the description of the La-Madelaine maxillary by 

 observing that the horizontal ramus is but little inferior in thickness to that of 

 " No. 3 " from Cro-Magnon, that its ascending ramus, surmounted by a feeble 

 condyle with a very short neck, 42 millims. (1'65 inch) wide, is joined to the hori- 

 zontal ramus at an angle of 111, and, lastly, that the posterior angle is rounded 

 and turned outwards. 



The only bony fragments of the trunk which we have been able to recognize 

 consist of the centrum of a cervical vertebra, the same part of a lumbar vertebra, 

 a fragment of a large and stout rib, and a portion of the right ilium. The first 

 two are void of interest, their state of mutilation not permitting the study of their 

 apophyses. The iliac bone is a very good reproduction of the corresponding part 

 of the same bone in the skeleton from Cro-Magnon as we have represented it in 

 Plate IX. & X. fig. 6, a & b. 



Of the left upper limb there remain the superior half of the humeral shaft, and 

 a small fragment of the shaft of the ulna ; and of the right arm-bones the lower 

 half of the humerus, and the superior epiphyses of the radius and ulna, completing 

 the articulation of the elbow. The humerus is remarkable for an antero-posterior 



* ' L'Homme pendant les Ages de la Pierre dans lea Environs de Dinant-sur-lleuse,' &c., 2 Edit., 1872 

 (8vo, Brussels), p. 100, figs. 10, 11. 



