44 KELIQULE AQUTTANIdE. 



are, for the most part, absent from the sands of Perpignan, Biot, and the other 

 localities in Languedoc and Provence. Hence I believe they have been taken 

 from the Faluns of Touraine ; and, in support of this opinion, I may add that the 

 valves of Pectunculus are all worn and rolled ; and it is especially in Touraine (at 

 Pont-levoy, Manthelan, &c.) that considerable accumulations of water- worn fossils 



occur." 



The last specimen represented in B. Plate V. is one of the supposed Whistles, 

 made of the phalangeal bone of the Reindeer, and one of which we have already 

 figured elsewhere*. Since then, discoveries of this kind of instrument have 

 multiplied in other districts of Prance, and also under similar archaeological 

 conditions. The writers who have treated of them have continued to put the 

 same interpretation on them that we proposed at first. 



Fig. 1. This appears to be simply a pebble, the rounded contour and smooth sur- 

 face of which have been produced by long rolling down the course of a river ; 

 for it bears no trace of artificial polish. The pebble has probably been used on 

 account of its almost symmetrical shape, and perhaps also because it was soft 

 enough to be easily bored. It consists of a softish stone, one of the " Meta- 

 morphic " rocks of geologists, termed leptinolite, or schistose granulite. It is 

 greyish green in colour, and is speckled with minute black points, which may be 

 imperfect crystals of made or chiastolite. The bored hole, in the middle part 

 towards the upper margin of the pebble, has been made by working on the two 

 sides of the stone alternately with an instrument acting as a kind of drill ; for 

 the hole opens out wide on the two surfaces and is narrow in the middle, where 

 the point of the tool worked. On close examination of the inside of the hole, it 

 can be readily seen that the boring was not done by a mechanical contrivance pro- 

 ducing continued revolutions of a tool, but merely by half turns corresponding to 

 the action of the wrist in using some simple drill t. We shall figure in a future 

 Plate of this work several of the little boring-tools or drills of flint, having a 

 blunt point with little facets, by means of which it was very easy to bore bones, 

 and even stones that were not so hard as flint. 

 The two lines or grooves, diverging from the edge of the hole down to the 



* See ' Revue Archeologique,' March 1864, pi. 11. fig. 12. 



t Mr. E. B. Tylor, in his ' Researches into the Early History of Mankind,' 1865, has given, at pp. 239-245, 

 some curious notices of the employment of different forms of mechanical drills amongst some savage nations, 

 particularly the Esquimaux. Sir John Lubbock (' Prehistoric Times,' 1865, p. 443) relates the fact stated 

 by Cook, in his First Voyage, " that the New Zealanders succeeded in drilling a hole through a piece of 

 glass which he had given them, using for this purpose, as he supposed, a piece of jasper." 



