, 8o KELIQULE AQUITANICLE. 



B. PLATE XXX. & XXXI. (Double.) 



This Plate exhibits some fine specimens of the Aquitanian Pogamagan, or Baton, 

 made of carved and perforated antlers, common in the Caves of the V6zere, and 

 rare elsewhere. Besides many carved pieces of antler which may be fragments of 

 Pogamagans, we may certainly refer to the following figures as illustrative of 

 these interesting Implements : B. Plate II. figs. 3, 7, 8 ; double Plate III. & IV.; 

 double Plate VII. & VIII. figs. 3, 6, 7; double Plate XV. & XVI. figs. 1, 2, 3 ; 

 Plate XXIV. figs. 1, 7; and figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6 of the Plate before us. M. E. Mas- 

 senat has figured in the ' Materiaux pour 1'Histoire de 1'Homme ' &c., vol. v. pi. 20. 

 fig. 1, the carved butt of a Baton of antler (with at least two holes), representing 

 probably the head of a Bear ; and another carved and perforated butt is excellently 

 well carved into two Bulls' heads (fig. 2, p. 352) ; these are from Laugerie Basse, 

 on the Ve"zere. The so-called "Baton" from Mont Saleve ('Mate"riaux' &c., vol. iv. 

 p. 154, figs. 39, 40) differs from the Aquitanian form by the central position of the 

 hole in the rounded butt, as in the arrow-straightening tools of the Esquimaux 

 (Mr. "W. Boyd Dawkins) ; and one of Dr. Dupont's Belgian specimens from the 

 Cave of Goyet ('Bullet. Acad. Sc. Belgique,' vol. xxvii. p. 274; 'L'Homme' &c., 

 2nd Edit., p. 117; and 'Materiaux' &c., vol. v. p. 318, pi. 16), ornamented with 

 a Fish, presents that character still more markedly, whilst the other, though 

 rough, also has the perforation in the broad and shortened butt. Those found at 

 Schussenreid, in Wurtemberg, on the other hand, are, like some of the Dor- 

 dogne specimens, rough antlers pierced with one or two holes. The butt of a 

 Pogamagan, not perforated, but ornamented with incised patterns of lines, found 

 in the Magrite Cave at Pont-a-Lesse, Belgium, is figured in Dr. Dupont's 'L'Homme 

 pendant les Ages de la Pierre,' 2nd Edit., p. 93, fig. 9. 



Some at least of the possible uses of these ornamented Implements have been 

 indicated above, at pages 30, 32, 102, 37, 50, and 189; and our friend Dr. Broca, 

 of Paris, has elaborated a theory of social order and rank among the Perigord 

 Aborigines, and of grades, whether regal or official, marked by the holding of 

 simple, one-holed, and successively many-holed Batons, either in home-society, 

 in the Chase, or in War*. This wide and interesting subject, however, we may 

 still regard as open to further research. 



* See Dr. Broca's interesting Lecture on the Cave-folk of the Yezere, before the French Association for 

 the Advancement of Science, at Bordeaux in 1872 ; ' Eevue Scientifique de la France ' &c., 2 e ser., 2 e annee, 

 No. 20, 16 Nov. 1872, pp. 457 &c.; and in 'Nature,' 1873, pp. 369 &c.' 



