GEOLOGY 233 



north of the southern watershed, to one some three hundred 

 miles north, in the vicinity of the headwaters of the Koaksoak 

 river. 



The glaciation of Labrador seems to have been later than 

 that of the western side of Hudson bay, as the striae from the 

 western glacier are almost obliterated by those from the east 

 and northeast along the rivers south of James bay. 



There is a marked difference in the evidence of the intensity 

 of glacial action between the southern regions and the eastern 

 and northern portions of the great area embraced in this report. 

 On the shores and islands of Hudson bay and Hudson strait the 

 crystalline rocks have been denuded of every trace of rotted 

 surface material ; they have been smoothed, polished and in- 

 tensely striated, and their present condition is such that little 

 or no change has taken place since the disappearance of the ice, 

 which once covered them deeply, the striae being so fresh as to 

 appear of the formation of yesterday. When the eastern mouth 

 of Hudson strait is left, a change is soon seen in following the 

 eastern side of Baffin island northward. The hills are less 

 rounded, and talus lies on the slopes of the cliffs ; about Cum- 

 berland gulf and Cyrus Field bay there is evidence of a univer- 

 sal ice-cap having been present, but the rounding, polishing and 

 striation of the rocks are markedly less than to the south and 

 westward. In these places it is exceedingly difficult to find 

 striae upon the rock surfaces, and these when found show that 

 the movement was local and from the highlands towards the 

 open sea. In the northern part of Baffin island the hills become 

 more serrated in outline, and many of the higher points appear 

 to have never been subjected to glaciation, the glaciers having 

 only filled the valleys; if an ice-cap existed the ice-move- 

 ment to the coast was determined by the course of the local 

 valleys, and there is no evidence of a movement not depending 

 upon local conditions as is the case in the region about Hudson 

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