FRUIT CULTURE 143 



Greening wants a much more moist and a heavier soil than the 

 Baldwin. If you people are interested in soil, I want to invite you 

 to come up to the Fruit-Growers' Convention, which is to be held 

 at Worcester, and hear Mr. Wilder, the fruit expert at Washington, 

 who spent last season jnaking an orchard survey in this State. 



It is my opinion that the Baldwin needs a much drier and not so 

 heavy a soil as the Rhode Island Greening. The Greening wants 

 a distinctly moist soil. The Hubbardston wants a still lighter soil, 

 a still drier soil. 



Question. Mr. Chairman, I noticed last summer a growth on 

 the trees. The bark on this sample which I have is split, but I 

 have a sample here, and I would like to show it to you. 



Mr. Wheeler. I will ask Mr. Frost to examine that. That 

 question was in relation to a wood growth that was found on the 

 trees in the summer. It is probably the woolly aphis. 



Mr. Frost. The sample here which the gentleman has brought 

 forward is a twig which was infested with the woolly aphis and 

 there are two nests of the tent caterpillar. The woolly aphis 

 should be controlled by lime and sulphur or oil, which should f)e 

 handlefl carefully. The young woolly aphis I handled very 

 successfully last summer with a weak solution of lime and sulphur. 

 I used one gallon to seventy gallons of water. With any kind of 

 a spray in midsummer you must be very careful and not spray in 

 the strong sunlight. 



Question. Is it practical to graft a Bosc pear on to Kieffer pear 

 stock? 



Mr. Wheeler. The Kieffer pear is an oriental pear, while the 

 Bosc is of French origin, and the two do not unite very well, but 

 they will grow to a certain extent. I have several trees six or 

 seven years old that bear very well. They make a poor union, 

 and I would advise using x\njou and Bartlett and leaving the Bosc 

 alone. 



Question. What causes the semi-transparent, watery appear- 

 ance in an apple? You have doubtless all noticed it. I have never 

 discovered what caused it. A portion of the apple is transparent, 

 and has a watery look. 



Prof. Sears. It is undoubtedly what we call "water core." It 

 is something I don't know anything about. 



