INDIAN SHOOTING 325 



says : ' The horns of Capra Wall differ from those of Capra 

 sibirica in the following points : the outer surface in Capra 

 Wall is curved (smooth ?), while in Capra sibirica it is corru- 

 gated. The under side of Capra Wali is sharper than in 

 Capra sibirica. The inner side of Capra Wali has between 

 every two knobs (on the top of the horn) five or six 

 grooves, which correspond with a similar number of notches of 

 equal depth on the under side. C. sibirica^ on the other hand, 

 has a fairly smooth inner surface, and on the under side has 

 under every two knobs (on the top of the horn) a deep notch, and 

 between every two deep notches a shallower one. The tip of 

 C. sibirica is more curved than that of C. Wali. The horn 

 of our specimen of wali has eight knobs on it, that of C. sibirica 

 (horns 36J ms. in length, girth at base 9^ ins., cord from 

 base to tip 22. ins.) 17 knobs.' The specimen came from 

 Abyssinia, and its photograph shows the peculiar knob at the 

 base of the horn on the forehead, its absence of beard, and its 

 small size in comparison to C. sibirica^ which is photographed 

 with it. 



XXXIX. THER {Capra jemlaica) 



Cunuhal, ' Ther,'' female ' Thtri,'' ' Tahr,^ or '■Jhuia^'' female ' Tharni' ; 

 Chamba aiid Pangt\ ' A'art '; Cashmere, ''Jcigla ' ; Khistzuar, ' Kras ' ; 

 Nepal, ^JharaP 



Ther are found at high elevations, where the forest line begins 

 o give way to the snow throughout the southern slopes of the 

 Himalayas, from Cashmere to Bhutan. Its north-west limit 

 appears to be where the Jhelum river separates the Kajnag 

 from the Pir Punjal ranges ; though fairly common in the 

 latter, it is apparently unknown in the Kajnag, nor is it found 

 in the ranges to the north of the Cashmere valley ; from the 

 V'\x Punjal it extends south-eastwards through Kishtwar and 

 ^'hamba, then leaving Lahoul and Spiti to the north on to 

 he upper waters of the Jumna, Ganges, and Aleknanda rivers, 

 ind so by Nepal to Bhutan, being most plentiful perhaps in 

 Chamba and Gurwhal. 



