184 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



AzoTiN, Ammonite, Tankage. — The first two of these are ani- 

 mal wastes which have been exposed to the vapor of naphtha to 

 extract the giease. (Of hate 3-ears glue- waste, of which in its 

 crude state for 3'ears I used from one to two hundred cords annu- 

 ally, is also so treated.) The residue is dr}' and brittle, and rich in 

 ammonia, and every way superior for fertilizing purposes to the 

 same substances before treatment. These are not usually found in 

 the retail market, but are purchased b}' manufacturers of fertil- 

 izers, at prices based on their percentage of nitrogen and phos- 

 phoric acid, as shown by analysis in each lot offered for sale. Job 

 lots, of from five to ten tons, can sometimes be purchased of 

 brokers, or from great slaughtering establishments like that of 

 Armour & Co., of Chicago. Tankage is a waste product from the 

 intestines and other parts ; it contains more or less of bone, easily 

 crumbled, and is not uniform in fineness. 



Dried Blood is the blood of the slaughter-house with most of 

 the moisture removed, leaving it in good mechanical condition for 

 handling. It is very rich in nitrogen, and is largely used by the 

 manufacturers of fertilizers. Tliere are two grades, the light and 

 the dark colored ; the latter being kiln-dried. Sometimes, when 

 the heat has been too great, it is partially burned, to the destruc- 

 tion of a portion of the ammonia. The nitrogen in blood acts 

 ver}' readily as plant food. 



Cotton-Seed Meal had better be first fed, as the manure from 

 it is almost as rich in fertilizing materials as was the meal before 

 feeding ; for, as I have stated elsewhere, full-grown animals take 

 but a small percentage of the potash, phosphoric acid, or nitrogen 

 that exists in their food ; while butter takes none. Occasionally 

 spoilt cotton-seed meal can be found in the market that is nearl}' 

 as good for manure as the best of meal, and, being generally valued 

 at about three-fifths as much, is a very cheap source of nitrogen 

 and phosphoric acid. When spoilt in salt-water transportation it 

 is generally in very hard lumps, which have to be ground in a 

 mill. 



One high recommendation of castor-pomace and cotton-seed 

 meal is, that their manure elements are in condition for immediate 

 use as plant food. 



Hoop and Horn Shavings and Leather. — All of these are 

 very rich in nitrogen ; but it is not readil}' available in these sub- 

 stances, and therefore their value in the market is less than it 

 would otherwise be. Hoof and horn shavings analj'ze as high as 



