APHIDS 



49 



Fig. 5. 



Aphids on Apple Blossom. At O is seen a stem-mother of tlie 

 Rosy Apple Apliis. — Del. Ex. Sta. 



green. The sexes mate and the female 

 deposits about three winter eggs on the 

 twigs or in crevices in the barli of the 

 trunlv and large limbs. The injury caused 

 by this aphid is similar to that caused 

 by the Green Apple Aphis. It can be 

 controlled in a like manner. 



The European Grain Apliis 



Apltis parli L. 

 Although quite injurious in the east- 

 ern United States this species is rarely 

 an apple pest in the West. In color and 

 size it very much resembles the Green 

 Apple Aphis, but may always be distin- 

 guished from that species by the very 

 small apical cell of the wing. The life 

 history is very similar to that of the 

 Rosy Apple Aphis, the winter eggs be- 

 ing laid on fruit trees and the summer 

 generations living on grasses. In the 

 South and in California the lice winter 

 also on grasses. When infesting the 

 apple it may be controlled in the man- 

 ner suggested for the Green Apple Aphis. 



Tlie Clover Aphis 



Aphis bakeri Cowen 



This plant louse infests apple trees in 

 certain portions of the United States, 



notably Colorado. Its life history is very 

 similar to that of the Rosy Apple Aphis, 

 the summer generations living on clover 

 and alfalfa. The stem-mother on the 

 apple in spring is dark red or reddish- 

 green while the migrants are pale green 

 with orange spots at the base of the cor- 

 nicles. The remedies for the Green Apple 

 Aphis will control this aphis on the apple. 



The Woolly Apple Aphis 



firhizoneura lanigera Hausm. 



This is the most injurious aphid in- 

 fecting pomaceous fruits and is found all 

 over the world wherever apples and pears 

 are grown. It has been known in Europe 

 for over 100 years. It is not known in 

 what part of the world this insect origi- 

 nated but recent investigations seem to 

 show that it is identical with the Ameri- 

 can Elm-gall Aphis * (Schizoneura ameri- 

 cana Riley), a native American aphid. 

 The louse attacks the trees below, as 

 well as above, the surface of the ground 

 and is thus very hard to eradicate. The 

 somewhat complex life history is as fol- 

 lows: The young hatch in early spring 

 from winter eggs placed in crevices in 



♦Editli M. Patch. Maine Bull. 203. 



