APPLES 



335 



IRON CIRCLE PRESS HEAD 



Fii 

 Fig. 



6. Screw Press Frame. 

 Iron Circle Press Head. 



paper placed in the bottom of a barrel 

 before the facers are laid will add greatly 

 to its attractiveness. If in addition a 

 layer of corrugated paper or an excelsior 

 pad is placed under each head it greatly 

 diminishes bruising." * "Heads cut from 

 heavy paper or from light pulp board are 

 very desirable on both ends of the barrel. 

 The patent corrugated heads cannot be 

 recommended. It is doubtful, too, whether 

 there is an advantage in using fancy paper 

 heads." t 



In finishing the barrel, six nails driven 

 only through the first hoop to prevent in- 

 jury to the apples are sufficient. Liners 



should be used and should be kept damp 

 to make them bend easily and to prevent 

 splitting. 



On the head of each barrel should be 

 stenciled the grade and variety of the 

 apple, the name and address of the grower. 

 If the apples are packed in the orchard, 

 the full barrels should not be left in the 

 sun for any length of time before they 

 are transferred to the storage house. 



Barrel Press 



A screw press frame is shown in Fig. 6. 

 "To make the pressure equal, an iron cir- 

 cle press-head is used, as shown in Fig. 7. 

 The bars A and B are made with an arch 

 and with a shoulder to fit against the iron 

 circle, C. The circle should be 14 inches 

 in diameter and made of quarter-inch bar 

 iron." * 



"The lever presses are more rapid to 

 operate than the screw type, which is 

 being used less and less. The iron circle 

 used on some presses to force the head 

 to place is usually in the way of the oper- 

 ator, a single wooden block extending 

 crosswise of the head being far more con- 

 venient. An excellent press is shown in 



• W. H. .\lderman. 1912. West Tirginia Ex- 

 periment Station. Bulletin 139. 



■r Bulletin 19. Dairy and Cold Storage Com- 

 missioner's Series. Alex McNeill. 1907. 



Fig. 8. Press for Heading Apple Barrels. 



• J. A. Ruddich. Department Agriculture, 

 Canada. "Better Fruit." September. 1910. p. 

 39. 



