APPLES 



367 



Fig. 3G. Showing Proper and Improper Crown. Tliat to ttie Left is Too Higb. 



suit, rather than toward the opposite 

 mistake. The ideal is a firm pack with 

 the end apples flush with the box heads. 

 However, in a loose pack the end ap- 

 ples, as well as the whole crown, can be 

 allowed to come higher, without fear of 

 bruising from the lid. As previously 

 stated, the height of the whole pack can 

 be regulated by the style of pack used, 

 with reference to the direction in which 

 the stems point. The proper relation of the 

 height of end and the height of crown is 

 obtained by other means. In the flat 

 pack this apparently comes of its own 

 accord. This is because the spaces at the 

 end of the box in this pack are larger 

 than the interstices between the apples, 

 and they allow the end apples in the lay- 

 er above to slip down lower. Sometimes, 

 however, taller apples will have to be 

 selected for the middle, and lower ones 

 for the ends. 



In the cheek pack three methods for 

 lowering the ends of the pack can be 

 employed. (1) Advantage is taken of 

 any lopsidedness in the apples. Those ap- 

 ples in the middle of the box (from end 

 to end) are placed with their greatest 

 transverse diameter extending from top 

 to bottom, and those in the end with it 

 extending from side to side. (2) One or 

 two rows across the end of the box in 

 as many layers as necessary are turned 

 flat. This is usually at but one end of 

 any one layer, the layers alternating as 

 to the end in which the apples are turned. 

 This method is avoided by many pack- 

 ers because it makes the pack irregular, 

 but it is to be preferred to bruised ap- 

 ples. Many now use a simplified form 

 of this method, simply tilting toward the 



opposite end of the box, in the second 

 layer from the top, the apple on the end 

 of the row that does not touch the end of 

 the box, turning it only far enough to al- 

 low the cheek of the end apple in the top 

 layer to fit into the cavity-cup or the 

 basin-cup of the tilted apple. An especial- 

 ly flat apple is selected for the one to be 

 tilted. (3) The ends are packed a trifle 

 loose. Care will have to be taken in using 

 this method that the apples next to the 

 ones against the lower head of the box 

 are pushed toward the opposite end of 

 the box as far as they will go. Otherwise 

 their slipping down toward the lower 

 head will prevent the end apples in the 

 next layer above from sinking their prop- 

 er depth by reducing the size of the pock- 

 ets into which they are to fit. In placing 



Fig. 37. Showing a Proper Bulge on Box of 

 Apples. 



