APPLE PESTS 



507 



Fig. 1. Terminals m" Youns Apple Trees. Tak- 

 en During the Winter. Hibernating Bud 

 Borers were found at x. x. x. often at tlie 

 base of a leaf stem. (Delaware Experiment 

 Station.) 



The bud borer has a wide distribution. 

 It seems to be held in check, however, 

 by a natural enemy in the form of a 

 small fly. 



Apple Twiiar Borer 

 Ai7iphicerus liicaudatus. Say 



Attacks apples, pears, cherries, and 

 other trees, and bores into the twig just 

 above a bud for food and shelter. The 

 beetle which does the damage is about 

 one-third of an inch long, cylindrical in 

 form, brownish above and black under- 

 neath. 



Remedies 



The remedy that is recommended is to 

 look for the infested twigs, cut them off 

 and burn them. ,See also page 505. 



Branch and Twie Borer 



Polycaon confertus Lee. 



H. F. WiLSox 



Although apparently never doing any 



amount of damage this insect is often 



found attacking the stems and branches 



of pome fruits and even grapes. Nothing 



is known of its life history in Oregon, 

 but in California the larvae work in live 

 oak trees and it is very likely that they 

 do the same here. The adult beetles 

 start in to burrow above the buds and 

 excavate a shallow burrow downwards, 

 rarely deeper than the length of the body. 

 This burrow is about one-fourth inch in 

 diameter and why It is made is not 

 known unless it is for the purpose of 

 feeding, as they apparently never deposit 

 eggs in them. 



They have never been abundant enough 

 to cause any great alarm, but the bur- 

 rows offer excellent opportunity for the 

 entrance of fungi and decay organisms. 



There is no known method of preven- 

 tion. 



Fig. 1. The Branch and Twig Borer. Adult 

 and work on young twig. (Original) 



Flat-Headed Apple Tree Borer 



Chrysobothris femorata Fab. Family 



Buprestidae 



General Appearance 



The adult beetle is oblong, flattened 

 and the body color metallic greenish 

 black. On each wing cover are three 

 raised longitudinal lines which are tra- 

 versed by two brass-colored depressions, 

 dividing the surface into three nearly 

 equal dark areas. The underside is 

 metallic copper, and the feet green. The 

 eggs are yellow, ribbed, but one-fiftieth 

 of an inch long and oval in form with 

 one end flattened. The mature larvae 

 are dark yellow and without legs. The 

 anterior portion, just behind the head. 

 is enormously enlarged and flattened, 

 giving the insect its common name, 

 though in reality the head proper is very 

 small and easily distinguished by the 

 black jaws. The pupa is first white, but 



