516 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



in diameter. The duration of the larval 

 stage is from sixteen to twenty-four days. 



The Pupa — Shortly after becoming full 

 grown the larva leaves the apple and 

 seeks some protected spot in which to 

 hide while passing through its transfor- 

 mations from larva to pupa, then to 

 moth. Having found a suitable place, it 

 hollows out a little oval cavity with its 

 jaws and proceeds to envelop itself in a 

 thin tough cocoon of silken threads in- 

 termingled with particles of the excavated 

 material. When completed, the cocoon is 

 usually oval in form and about three- 

 fourths of an inch long. When the pupal 

 stage Is reached the insect remains in 

 that stage for about three weeks, and 

 then emerges as the adult or moth. 



The Moth or Adult — The moths are 

 really beautiful little creatures. The body 



is about three-eighths of an inch long and 

 is of a modest greyish brown color. The 

 fore wings when fully expanded measure 

 about three-fourths of an inch from tip 

 to tip and are of approximately the same 

 color as the body but relieved by incon- 

 spicuous, transverse wavy lines or lighter 

 scales. The hind wings which are en- 

 tirely covered when the insect is at rest 

 are nearly slate colored and are clothed 

 with long hairs. The most characteristic 

 marking is a large golden brown spot at 

 the posterior outer angle of each front 

 wing. No other insect is known which 

 has this marking and no insect need be 

 mistaken for the codling moth. The males 

 are further distinguished by a narrow 

 pencil of black hairs on the hind wings 

 and an elongated black spot on the upper 

 surface of each front wing. 



Fig. 1. Codling moth. A, adult moth with wings expanded : B. esK much enlarged ; C, halt of 

 worm-eaten apple: D, cocoon with empty pupa shell protruding; E, cocoon with pupa en- 

 closed; F, leaf and apple showing eggs of a codling moth; G. caterpillar or "apple worm" 

 enlarged: H. a, young apple just attcr petals fall; b, cup beginning to close; c, too late to 

 spray. (Montana Experiment Station.) 



