APPLE PESTS 



545 



entirely ineffective and Paris green is not 

 much better. Contact sprays seem to be 

 inefficient and tliere remain but two 

 methods that offer any great chance of 

 success: one is to collect or to destroy the 

 egg masses. 



Second, by placing sticky bands on the 

 trees and then jarring the trees. These 

 may be made of tangle foot or some tar 

 compound. Jarring the trees will cause 

 the larvae to drop to the ground and 

 when the trees are banded they cannot 

 get past the bands as long as they remain 

 fresh. 



White Dotted .Vpple Worm 

 Balsa malana 



In early fall and continuing until late 

 autumn may sometimes be found a rather 

 stout, cylindrical, light-green worm, about 

 an inch long and marked with five white 

 longitudinal lines and numerous whitish 

 dots. These worms are in the habit of 

 feeding solitary and alone on the under- 

 side of the leaves, from the margins of 

 which they eat regular notches or holes 

 Into the middle. This caterpillar is 

 known as the white dotted apple worm. 

 When full grown, the caterpillar draws 

 together a portion of the leaf with silken 

 threads to form a hollow tube. This is 

 lined with a thin layer of silk and the 

 caterpillar then passes into the pupal 

 stage. The chrysalis remains in the fallen 

 leaf until the next spring, when it issues 

 as an ashy gray moth with three irregu- 

 lar black lines crossing the front wings. 

 There are two broods. 



H. A. GCSSARD, 

 Wooster. Ohio. 



Wii.T BfG. — See Apple Wilt Bug. this 

 section. 



Wnoii.v ApHi.s. — See Aphids. 



A Japanese Formula for Destroying the 

 TVoolly .4phis 



Mr. T. Machida of Japan has recently 

 found a very satisfactory wash formula 

 which has been found to be of much value 

 in the control of the woolly apple aphis. 

 His recommendations for the various in- 

 gredients to be used are as follows: 



Raoe-seed oil 3 1/3 pints 



Sulphur 1 1/2 ounces 



Turpentine 7 1/3 ounces 



The rape seed oil should be boiled alone 

 for a very short time followed by adding 

 the turpentine slowly, stirring continually 

 until they are thoroughly mixed. Stir in 

 the required amount of well crushed sul- 

 phur. Use a strong fire and allow to cool, 

 when the mixture assumes a darkish 

 color. Paint the attacked parts of fruit 

 trees. This wash can also be recom- 

 mended for use in the control of other 

 aphids and the destruction of their eggs. 



S. Nakayama. 



Stanford University. 

 California Com. Hort.. III., No. 2. 



Tellow-Necked Datana 



D. ministra 

 Often conspicuous and quite injurious 

 in September. Most of the caterpillars are 

 well grown before the middle of the 

 month and are ravenous feeders upon ap- 

 ple and other orchard and forest trees. 

 The full-grown caterpillar is about two 

 inches long with a black head and a yel- 

 low neck. A black stripe extends down 

 the middle of the back and three stripes 

 of the same color, alternating with four 

 yellow strips, extend along each side. The 

 body is quite hairy. The caterpillars are 

 gregarious and collect together in large 

 numbers out towards the ends of the 

 twigs. If the branch is jarred or the cat- 

 erpillars are in any way disturbed, they 

 cling for support with their four middle 

 pairs of legs, and elevate both ends of 

 their bodies in the air at right angles to 

 their support. Some time in Se|)tember, 

 they all descend to the earth and burrow 

 beneath the surface from two to four 

 inches, where they pupate. When the col- 

 onies are young, they are confined to a 

 single small branch, which may be cut oft 

 and burned. After they become more ma- 

 ture, resort to hand-picking or spray the 

 trees on which they are feeding, if not 

 carrying fruit, with arsenate of lead, 5 

 pounds in 50 gallons of water. Kerosene 

 emulsion may be diluted with 12 to 15 

 parts of water and sprayed directly on 

 them. Make oil sprayings only on dry, 

 sunshiny days so as to avoid all danger of 

 injury to the foliage. The raincrows or 

 cuckoos feed quite freely on these hairy 



