552 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



Frosted Scale 



Eulecanium pruinosum Coq. 



General Appearance 



This is one of the largest unarmored 

 scales, often one-half inch in length and 

 three-fourths inch wide. The full grown 

 scales are nearly hemispherical in shape, 

 while the young and half-grown forms 

 are very flat. (Fig. 1, p. 551.) The surface 

 is covered with white frost-like wax, 

 which readily distinguishes it from all 

 other common species. 



Life History 



Eggs are white to yellowish in color and 

 are deposited in the early summer 

 months. The species is not as prolific as 

 many of the others of this genus, and be- 

 cause of parasites scarcely does any dam- 

 age. 



Distribution 



Throughout the central and southern 

 parts of California. 



Food Plants 



Apricot, prune, peach, plum, cherry, 

 pear, apple, walnut, laurel, ash, birch, 

 sycamore, cork-elm, grape, rose, orange, 

 loganberry and hawthorn. The branches 

 are usually the parts attacked. 



Control 



Same as for European fruit scale (Le- 

 caiiiiim corni). See Apple. 



Natural Enemies 



Comys fiisca and at least two other in- 

 ternal parasites were bred from this 

 species, and keep it in complete subjec- 

 tion. 



E. O. Essie. 



Mealy Plum Louse. See under Phim. 



PE.\cn Borer. See under Peach. 



Peak Tiirips. See under Pear. 



Plum Curculio. See CurcuUu under 

 Apple. 



Shot Hole Borer. See under Cherry. 



Tek.mite. See Common Termite, this 

 section. 



White Peach Scale. See under Peach. 



Arkansas 



Arkansas has a good soil, a humid cli- 

 mate, and many natural sources of wealth. 

 It is adapted to the growing of nearly all 

 the varieties of fruits generally grown in 

 the temperate climates, such as apples, 

 peaches, pears, strawberries, grapes and 

 small fruits, all of which, with proper 

 care, bring profitable returns. 



The mean elevation is 650 feet. The 

 eastern part, for 30 to 100 miles west of 

 the Mississippi river, is generally low and 

 subject to inundations from numerous 

 overflowing bayous, lakes and swamps, 

 caused by the overflow of the Mississippi 

 river. In this region there are a few high 

 places, rising generally toward the table 

 land and the high hills of the west. In 

 the northwest part are the Ozark and 

 Boston mountains, which, while they do 

 not reach the height of mountains, yet are 

 rugged, picturesque and, as compared with 

 the country about them, are of sufficient 

 height to justify the name. These hills 

 or mountains continue westward into 

 Oklahoma and northward into Missouri. 

 Here Arkansas grows its best apples, 

 peaches and strawberries, and these fruits 

 have made the state famous. Nature has 

 done much for Arkansas: but the fruit 

 growers are not as a rule making the most 

 of their natural advantages; for they in- 

 cline to plant the trees and, without much 

 care or the application of modern meth- 

 ods, permit Nature to do the rest. 



The state is divided, geologically, 

 into two parts by a line drawn from Tex- 

 arkana in the southwest corner, to Miller 

 county, running northeasterly through 

 Little Rock, to Pawhatan in Lawrence 

 county in the northeast. The northwest- 

 ern division is hilly and underlaid with 

 heavy paleozoic rocks, and the southeast 

 corner with cretaceous rocks. The south- 

 eastern part is mostly alluvial soil, some 

 of it requiring drainage, and is very fer- 

 tile, therefore adapted to the growing of 

 vegetables, strawberries and other small 

 fruits; but cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, 

 hay. potatoes and tobacco are the main 

 crops. For further information see Ozarks. 

 Granville Lowtiier 



