ARKANSAS— ARIZONA 

 Frost and Precipitation 



553 



Station 



Frost 



Average Date of 



Date of 



1st Killing 

 in Autumn 



Last in 

 Spring 



Favetteville 

 DoddCity.. 

 Pocahontas. 

 Fort Smith. 



Conway 



Little Rock. 



Helena 



Dallas 



Pine Bluff... 



Camden 



Warren 



Oct. 19 



Oct. 18 



Oct. 23 



Nov. 4 



Oct. 27 



Nov. 9 



Nov. 1 



Nov. 4 



Nov. 6 



Nov. 7 



Nov. 4 



April 10 

 April 13 

 April 3 

 Mar. 24 

 Mar. 23 

 Mar. 21 

 Mar. 25 

 April 4 

 Mar. 27 

 Mar. 24 

 Mar. 30 



Earliest 

 in Autumn 



Latest 

 in Spring 



Sept. 29 



Sept. 29 



Oct. 8 



Oct. 15 



Oct. 2 



Oct. 22 



Oct. 21 



Oct. 7 



Oct. 19 



Oct. 8 



Oct. 10 



April 30 



May 1 



Mav 2 



April 6 



April 12 



April 14 



April 6 



May 1 



April 19 



April 12 

 April 



8 



Precipita- 

 tion 



Annual 

 Inches 



44 



47 



43 



41 



45 



49 



55 



51.0 



48.8 



49.2 



49.0 



Arizona 



Arizona has an area of 113,020 square 

 miles. In the northern part, the state is 

 a dry plateau, arid and of little value 

 without irrigation. In the south it is 

 mountainous, the valleys are broad, some- 

 times 20 to 30 miles in width. The prin- 

 cipal mountain masses are Castle Dome, 

 Big Horn, Eagle Tail. Chocolate. Dome 

 Rock, Palomas Harquahala. San Fran- 

 cisco and Black in the north central; Car- 

 rizo, Lukakukia and Tunica in the north- 

 east: Zuna, White Mogollon and Catalena 

 in the southeast and south. San Fran- 

 cisco mountain, above Flagstaff, is the 

 highest, rising 12,794 feet above the sea. 

 To the south the surface falls sharply to 

 low ridges, mostly of volcanic origin, 

 thence by terraced mesas down to the 

 great desert plain little above sea level. 

 This plain is cut by gullied stream beds 

 in which the surface water from the occa- 

 sional rainfall flows into the broad Gila 

 valley. At Flagstaff the rainfall is 24.65 

 inches: at Yuma. 2.84 inches. 



The sandy regions of the southwest are 

 the hottest portions of the continent. It 

 is common for the mercury to rise to 120 

 degrees Fahrenheit in the shade during 

 July and August, but the atmosphere is 

 so clear that, while the sun is scorching 

 in its heat, it is said not to be oppressive, 

 and the winter climate is excellent. 



The drainage system is the Colorado 

 river with its tributaries, the principal of 

 which is the Gila. 



There can be but little fruit grown in 

 Arizona without irrigation. In the north- 

 ern part of the state the Colorado river 

 is the principal stream, but it runs in a 

 deep canon, and at the present time there 

 is no method provided that seems prac- 

 tical for diverting or lifting the water 

 from this deep bed for the purposes of 

 irrigation. The rivers of Arizona draw 

 moisture from the mountains, but these 

 mountains are not covered with snow dur- 

 ing July and August, the season when the 

 moisture is most needed for irrigating 

 purposes. The habit of flooding the land 

 several times during the season when the 

 snows are melting in the mountains, then 

 cultivating intensively during the dry 

 season, forming a dust mulch to conserve 

 the moisture, has been successful for the 

 growing of certain kinds of fruits and 

 vegetables. This system is practiced 

 largely in many sections of the state. 



The Temperature 



One of the principal difficulties in grow- 

 ing fruit in Arizona is the extreme heat. 

 The sun is so hot, and the air so dry, 

 that the evaporation is very rapid, and 

 even where there is plenty of water in 

 the earth, the plant often fails to take it 

 up as fast as the sun evaporates it from 



