BLACKBERRY— BLACKBERRY DISEASES— BLACKBERRY PESTS 



651 



District >'o. 17 



Recommexi>ei> — Dessert and market: 

 Early Harvest. Market: Lawton: Wil- 

 son. Dessert: Kittatinny; Crandall. 



District No. 18 

 Highly recommexded — Crandall. 

 Recommended — Dessert and kitchen: 



Lucretia (dewberry). Market: Lawton. 



Dessert: Kittatinny. 



BLACKBEERY DISEASES 



Akthracxose. See Raspierry. 

 Bramble Rust. See Rust, this section. 



Crown Gall 



Bacterium tumefaciens 

 Produces large swellings just below the 

 ground. Destroy all affected plants and 

 use care in planting clean stock. 



For extended article on crown gall, see 

 under Apple. 



Fruit Kot 

 Botrytis 

 The ripe fruit decays on the bushes 

 and is covered with a gray, dusty mould. 

 More abundant in moist weather. 



Xo treatment feasible. Affected fruits 

 should be discarded, as the rot will spread 

 to unaffected fruit after picking. 



Leaf Spot 



Septoria ruti 



Produces small dead spots on the leaves. 



Spray with Bordeaux mixture about 



four times at intervals of about ten days, 



the first application when the buds are 



beginning to unfold. tj -ci c. 



R. E. Smith. 



Berkeley. Cal. 



Mushroom Root Rot. See Raspberry. 



Oraxge Rust. See Rust, this section. 



B«d or Bramble Snst 



Caeoma nitens Schw. 



Wild and cultivated blackberries suffer 

 from this disease as well as raspberries. 



Similar in appearance to the orange 

 rust and requires the same treatment. 



Knst, Orange Rnst 



Gymnoconia interstitalis 

 Produces bright orange masses of spores 

 all over the under side of the leaves. The 

 fungus spreads all through the plant so 

 that it is not easily controlled. 



Cut affected plants to the ground and 



burn. Spray new growth with Bordeaux 

 mixture. r e. Smith, 



Berkeley. Cal. 

 BLACKBERRY PESTS 



American Raspberry Beetle. See Rasp- 

 berry. 

 Apple Leaf Hopper. See under Apple. 

 Black Cherry' Aphis. See Aphids. 

 Blackberry Aphis. See Aphids. 



The Blackberry Crown Borer 



Bembecia marginata 

 This borer does considerable damage. 

 After growth starts in the spring, some 

 canes may be found to be dead. In some 

 cases, an examination will reveal at the 

 base of such canes, a 16-legged borer, re- 

 sembling the peach borer. Many of such 

 canes will be found to have been partially 

 girdled just at the base during the pre- 

 ceding fall, and the pith of the same 

 bored out by the caterpillar. The parent 

 moth is a clear winged insect, quite re- 

 .sembling a brightly colored wasp. The 

 body is black, banded and marked with 

 yellow. The eggs are laid in the fall. 

 The most reliable remedy is to cut out 

 all infested canes as soon as they are 

 discovered and burn, taking care not to 

 allow any of the borers to escape from 

 the canes before they are burned. 



H. A. GOSSARD, 

 Wooster, Ohio. 

 Black Peach Aphis. See Aphids. 



Bramble, Flea Lonse 



Trioza tripunctata Fitch. 



A tiny insect which has been found to 

 be troublesome in some of the Eastern 

 states. A curling of the leaves follows 

 the attack. The nymphs are covered with 

 jointed waxy threads which break off 

 readily and give the leaf a powdery ap- 

 pearance when the insects are numerous. 



As soon as the winged forms appear 

 spray with kerosene emulsion. 



Not likely to become serious. 



Bud Moth, See under Apple. 



Cane Borer of Blackberry and Raspberry 



Oberea bimaciolata 



The adult beetle girdles the tip of the 



cane with a row of punctures in laying 



her eggs, so that the tips droop and wither. 



The grub is a blind worm without feet 



