76 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



the white grub, the hirvae of the June beetle, and as this grub 

 works iniderground on the roots it is hard to fight after it is well 

 established. These grubs are more numerous on old soils, sod land, 

 or on land where potatoes have been previously grown. The best 

 way to rid the soil of this pest is by frequent rotation of crops. 

 This grub dislikes most root crops, like beets, turnips, etc., and it 

 will not work in buckwheat; so if strawberries follow any of these 

 crops very little trouble will be experienced. The leaf eating insects 

 are few, and under ordinary conditions do but little harm. Some 

 seasons the rosebug works destructively on the foliage, and there 

 is also a small black beetle, the strawberry weevil, that bores holes 

 in the leaves. This pest does not appear very often and is not 

 considered dangerous. 



The bush fruits to which I wish to call your attention for a few 

 minutes are not as extensively cultivated as the strawberry, prin- 

 cipally because they are not quite as easily grown. They require 

 more skilled labor in their management; they take longer to pro- 

 duce fruit; and the attacks of insects and fungus diseases are more 

 numerous ; and these conditions mean less profit for the grower. 



The raspberry is probably the most popular of the bush fruits, 

 being cultivated in most sections of this country where small fruits, 

 are grown at all. The greatest drawback to the successful growing 

 of the raspberry here is our northern winter, for it frequently hap- 

 pens that even with protection the canes are killed and a year's 

 work is lost. In choosing a location for a raspberry plantation it 

 is best to get land that has an abundance of moisture in it, at the 

 same time being well drained. Hillsides facing the north or north- 

 east are generally good places for raspberries, provided they are 

 not too steep. 



The raspberry is propagated by root cuttings or suckers which can 

 be taken directly from the ground on which they grew and planted 

 in the permanent beds, or, and this is a better method, by pieces of 

 the roots taken in the early spring and planted in nursery rows, 

 keeping the ground well stirred about them. The following year 

 these may be put in the permanent plantation. The ordinary 

 method of planting is in rows four to five feet apart, but, as there 

 are many objections to this arrangement, it is better to mark out 

 the field six feet apart each way, thus allowing cultivation in both 



