THE RENOVATION OF AN OLD ORCHARD. 0/ 



promptly done. The larvae of the codling moth crawl into the 

 calyx and if that is closed before the spraying is done the spraying has 

 no effect upon the insect. In ten or twelve days the fruit from the 

 later blossoms will be at the right stage for spraying, when the work 

 should be done again with great thoroughness; two applications 

 will give from 90 to 95% of perfect fruit. 



The illustration upon the chart shows the codling moth which 

 is a night flyer; it comes forth from its hiding place which is under 

 the bark of the trees, in barrels or fruit boxes, or from fences along 

 the orchard, and flies through the trees as the blossoms begin to 

 fall and deposits its eggs. In a few days the larvte come forth from 

 the eggs and continue making their way to the calyx end of the 

 apple and then burrow into the apple, remaining there several 

 weeks when the apple falls to the ground and the larvae go out of 

 the apple, and spin their cocoons, in which they pass the winter. 

 The curculio which is also shown upon this chart is another fruit 

 pest. It not only attacks phmis, but in recent years it has attacked 

 our cherries, peaches, and apples; it has been found that Bordeaux 

 mixture will repel this insect; it does not destroy it for it does not 

 eat of the foliage or the fruit, it punctures the skin, so that it will 

 not grow together at this point, and deposits its eggs in the cut ; the 

 young larvae hatch from the eggs; which in time cause the fruit 

 to fall to the ground. This is why so frecjuently that peach trees 

 which have blossomed very freely, will have, in a few days' time, 

 no fruit upon the trees; it has all been cut by the curculio, the young 

 fruit weakened and fallen to the ground. 



It will not do to spray plum and peach trees with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture after the foliage has fully developed, as it will very seriously 

 injure it. 



The apple tent caterpillar is one of the chief enemies of our apple 

 orchards, and to a large degree is responsible for the decline of 

 many of the old, as well as the young orchards. When all the foli- 

 age has been stripped by this or the canker "w^orm, or any caterpillars 

 that completely destroy the foliage for several years in succession, 

 the trees will be so weakened it will require a number of years for 

 them to recover, and in many instances they go into a permanent 

 decline. The arsenate of lead and Paris green are effective in 

 keeping in check the caterpillars of various types, as they are easily 



