24 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



water the plants two or three times a week with chestnut colored 

 manure water ; muddy water fi'om some stagnant pool is good. 

 There is very little danger of a failure in a crop of cauliflowers 

 or cabbages, provided the directions for good seed and deep, rich 

 soil, thoroughly and frequently worked, with suitable moisture, 

 are carried out to the letter. 



The culture for fall and late crops is essentially the same as 

 already described, except that the plants are set in June or, at latest, 

 the first week in July, as the season may be. 



In marketing, cauliflowers need careful handling. Divest them 

 of all loose and surplus leaves, and pack them in boxes holding 

 fifty or one hundred each, in which they are sold to the dealer. 

 Immature heads may often be improved to tolerably fair ones by 

 pulling them and hanging, roots upward, in a barn cellar where it 

 is above the freezing point. 



Cabbage Culture. Having given extended directions above for 

 cauliflower culture, there remains little to be said on the culture of 

 the cabbage. Cabbages are grown as an early, and also as a late 

 crop. As an early crop market gardeners usually find them a 

 money crop. A heavy sandy loam, strongly impregnated with 

 shell lime, makes a congenial soil for this crop, as lime is a 

 preventive of the disease known as " club-root." The same ma- . 

 nures, etc., are applied as stated above for cauliflowers — perhaps 

 a little lighter application answers the same purpose, but cabbages 

 are gross feeders and need rich soil and plenty to feed on. Plants 

 are produced as already described, and the whole culture differs 

 in nothing essential from that directed for the cauliflower. 



The most formidable foe we have to the growing, heading plants, 

 is the new cabbage worm lately imported from Europe — the larva 

 of the Pieris rapm — which bores into and through the heads, 

 leaving its excrement wherever it goes. A certain, effectual 

 remedy or preventive of its working is lacking, although copiously 

 watering the heads with saltpetre water is claimed as good, but 

 the application needs to be often ' repeated ; killing the butterflies 

 and destroying their eggs is more sure, according to our experience. 



Discussion. 



Marshall P. Wilder said that the cauliflower was a favorite 

 vegetable with him, and that this was a good practical essay on 



