SHRUBS THAT ARE PERFECTLY HARDY. 83 



other shrubs ; to have it in perfection it needs a deep, rich soil 

 and full exposure to the sun. S. nigra is the European elder, 

 of which there are several varieties. 



Of the Viburnums^ the American species, with few exceptions, 

 are far superior to those from other countries. Lantanoides is one 

 of the finest in foliage, fruit, and flowers, but unfortunately is 

 rather hard to make grow in cultivation ; V. opulus has large white 

 flowers, similar to some of the single hydrangeas, and brilliant 

 red fruit which hangs on well into the winter ; V. acerifoUum, with 

 white flowers and black fruit, turns to a beautiful purple in 

 autumn ; V. puhescens is very similar ; V. dentatum forms one of 

 the finest fringes along some of our country roads ; its corymbs of 

 white flowers are nearly as fine as those of the laurestinus, and are 

 followed in autumn by blue fruit in large clusters. V. molle, although 

 belonging farther South, is hardy here ; the fruit and flowers are 

 similar to those of V. dentatum, but are larger and brighter. V. nu- 

 dum and F". cassinoides are good dwarf shrubs, with white flowers 

 and fruit changing from light pink when half grown, to blue when 

 ripe. V. Lentago and its variety have large corymbs of white 

 flowers, followed by clusters of large fruit which change from red 

 to blue-black in its diff"erent stages. V. prunifoUum is a slower 

 growing species, but very similar to the above. The foliage of 

 all American Viburnums is very beautiful in the autumn. V- 

 Lantana, the English Wayfaring-tree, has large corymbs of 

 white flowers, and the fruit is black when ripe. The common 

 Snow-ball, V- Opulus sterilis, is well known by all. The variety 

 nana is a dwarf form, making a low dense mass of foliage, but 

 rarel}' flowers. There are many other species of Viburnums, but 

 as yet I have not found them hardy enough to put in this list. 



In the Snowberries there are several good species that are orna- 

 mental on account of their fruit. Symp)horicarpos vulgaris has 

 clusters of red fruit ; S. racemosus and its variety, paucijlorus, 

 have white fruit. These are very ornamental in late fall and early 

 winter. The species occidentalis is the most showy in bloom, 

 and the flowers are also very fragrant. There is a good variegated 

 form of S. vulgaris. 



Lonicera ccerulea is a native species, of very dwarf and compact 

 habit, with pale yellow flowers, which are followed with light blue 

 fruit at midsummer. L. oblongifolia is a small growing bush with 

 pinkish flowers and red fruit. L. involucrata, from Utah, is a 

 coarse growing shrub, the fruit being the most ornamental pari of 



