VESANIJE. 529 



curs most frequently in persons of a melancholic or atrabilarian 

 temperament ; but it certainly does also often occur in persons 

 of that very opposite temperament which physicians have named 

 the Sanguine. According as the disease happens to occur in 

 persons of the one or other of these temperaments, I apprehend 

 it may be considered as of a different nature ; and I believe, 

 that accurate observation, employed upon a sufficient number 

 of cases, would discern some pretty constant difference, either 

 of the symptoms, or at least of the state of symptoms, in the 

 two cases. I imagine that false imaginations, particular aver- 

 sions and resentments, are more fixed and steady in the melan- 

 cholic than in the sanguine ; and that somewhat inflammatory 

 is more commonly joined with mania in the sanguine than in 

 the melancholic. If such difference, however, does truly take 

 place, it will be obvious, that it may be proper to make some 

 difference also in the practice. I am of opinion, that in the 

 mania of sanguine persons, blood-letting and other antiphlogis- 

 tic measures are more proper, and have been more useful than 

 in the melancholic. I likewise apprehend that cold bathing is 

 more useful in the sanguine than in the melancholic : but I 

 have not had experience enough to ascertain these points with 

 sufficient confidence. 



I have only to add this other observation, that maniacs of the 

 sanguine temperament recover more frequently and more en- 

 tirely than those of the melancholic. 



CHAP. III. OF MELANCHOLY, AND OTHER FORMS 

 OF INSANITY. 



MDLXXV. Melancholy has been commonly considered as 

 a partial insanity ; and as such it is defined in my Nosology : but 

 I now entertain doubts if this be altogether proper. By a par- 

 tial insanity, I understand a false and mistaken judgment upon 

 one particular subject, and what relates to it ,- whilst, on every 

 other subject, the person affected judges as the generality of 

 other men do. Such cases have certainly occurred ; but, I be- 

 lieve, few in which the partial insanity is strictly limited. In 



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