THE HORSE 151 



cases it is advisable to call in a veterinarian when the horse 

 is ill, but the farmer should know the symptoms of some of 

 the common diseases and should know what to do until the 

 doctor comes. 



Colic. The horse is subject to various forms of colic, 

 some of which are quite dangerous and require immediate 

 treatment. Wind colic and cramp colic are most common. 

 In wind colic the horse appears dull, falls to the ground, and 

 breathes hard. Pain is continuous. Charcoal given to the 

 horse often relieves pain. In cramp colic pain begins sud- 

 denly and is often severe. It may be the result of indiges- 

 tion. The horse looks back at his side, paws the ground, lies 

 down, rolls, and gets up frequently. Whiskey and Jamaica 

 ginger or camphor may give relief. In all cases of colic the 

 first thing to do is to give the horse a good physic. One or 

 two quarts of raw linseed oil with one or two ounces of tur- 

 pentine is practical and best for this purpose. All farmers 

 should have on hand about two or three ounces of fluid extract 

 of wild yam, sometimes called colic root. Give the horse one 

 teaspoonful every half hour until relieved. 



Founder. This disease is known to veterinarians as lamin- 

 itis. It is an inflammation of the horn secreting structure, 

 usually showing digestive disorder or overwork. The dis- 

 ease is painful. The front feet are the most common seat of 

 the disease, although any one or all of them may be affected. 

 In case the front feet are affected, they are placed in advance 

 of the body and the hind feet thrust away under it, appear- 

 ing as if the whole body were sore, though only the feet are 

 affected. When all four feet are inflamed, the horse can 



