TTNLIKENESS IN ORGANISMS. 157 



infinite in number. Nevertheless, when we examine 

 the necessities of Darwin's lvypothesis of pangenesis, 

 we must include among the affinities of the gem- 

 mules, a co-ordinating power as effective as what we 

 call life. There must be some power that holds all 

 these gemmules to one plan in their weaving. There 

 is such a power. We know this. Darwin does not 

 deny the existence of this co-ordinating power, but 

 he calls it affinity. It is elective choice among these 

 gemmules. Since, therefore, the existence of a co- 

 ordinating power is conceded, let us fasten the fact 

 in our memory. Darwin meets us at this co-ordinat- 

 ing power which governs the movements of germinal 

 matter. We call it life : he calls it an elective affin- 

 ity. I undertake to assert that there can be no clear 

 statement of Darwin's hypothesis of pangenesis that 

 does not include this co-ordinating power behind the 

 movements of germinal matter. In the facts which 

 it acknowledges, the second of the five theories, 

 therefore, is not very unlike the fifth. 



Turning to the third hypothesis, we find Herbert 

 Spencer's famous doctrine of organic polarities. This 

 is not Darwin's theory, by any means, although the 

 latter is often confused with it. In his definitions 

 Herbert Spencer is famous for his felicity of phrases, 

 but not for felicity of thought. Organic polarity is 

 the smooth phrase he uses to describe the cause 

 of unlikeness in organisms. How does he himself 

 define these two words? 



Herbert Spencer is a candid man under the power 

 of a tyrannical theory. His effort is to account for 



