88 



THE LAND AND ITS PROBLEMS 



of Agriculture and all leading agriculturists. Countless 

 efforts have been made to start a system under which the 

 farmer, particularly the small farmer, could raise short- 

 period loans, but all efforts have failed. The pros and 

 cons for tenancy and occupying ownership are here set 

 out in juxtaposition. 



Tenancy. 



(i) The tenant lacks security, 

 and therefore lacks per- 

 manent inducement to 

 improve his cultivation. 



(2) The working capital per 



acre is in practice less 

 than it is under the 

 system of occupying 

 ownership on the Con- 

 tinent. 



(3) The tenant often has a 



larger area than he can 

 manage or capitalize effi- 

 ciently. 



(4) The two above causes 



have an adverse effect 

 on the yield from the 

 land. 



(5) It is harder for a tenant 



to borrow than it is for 

 an owner. 



(6) There is a tendency for 



the tenant to rely too 

 much upon the land- 

 owner. 



Occupying Ownership. 



(i) Provides the best form of 

 security. 



(2) The occupying owner is 

 not so much inclined to 

 have more land than he 

 can manage effectively. 



(3) There is the incentive of 



ownership which leads a 

 man to get the utmost 

 out of the soil. 



(4) A full system of credit 



societies is only possible 

 under the ownership 

 system. 



(5) It develops self-reUance. 



(6) It is sound, from the 

 national point of view, 

 for the land to be in the 

 hands of many rather 

 than concentrated in the 

 hands of a few owners. 



