APPENDIX IV 227 



has shown that in general terms the group should consist of 

 at least 200 holders if the full economic advantages are to be 

 secured. 



2. That the settlers should own their farms rather than hold 

 them as tenants. 



3. That access to capital should be provided. 



4. That complete arrangements should be made to provide 

 the settler with expert guidance from the outset. 



5. That co-operation should be encouraged. 



6. That a system of organized transport is essential to the 

 success of the community. 



7. That the community spirit should be encouraged so that 

 the settlers can buiJd up for themselves a strong community 

 life. 



In the main it will be found that in whatever countries 

 organized settlement has been effected, these principles have 

 been obser\^ed. And now, more than ever before, it is of 

 Imperial importance that every man placed on the land should 

 become an effective producer of food with the least possible 

 delay. The following quotation from a report of Mr. Elwood 

 Mead, who is perhaps the greatest authority on scientific land 

 settlement in the United States, not only puts the case in a 

 nutshell, but I believe explains in a few words the attitude of 

 the Royal Colonial Institute towards land settlement. 



" The California Land Settlement Act provides for a 

 demonstration in planned rural development. Instead of 

 leaving things to happen and then correcting conditions when 

 they happen badly, this State seeks through this Act to 

 create organized rural neighbourhoods in accordance with 

 carefully thought-out plans. 



" The chief effort in private colonization of land has been 

 to find purchasers rather than to create the kind of agriculture 

 best suited to a region, to insure the success of settlers with the 

 least waste of money and effort. 



" The neglect to provide intelligent direction and needed 

 credit created a migratory and speculative spirit in pioneer 

 communities." 



