1514 APPENDIX. 



classes, orders, genera, and species. The geranium, from 

 its having ten stamens united in one set, is in the class 

 Monadelphia, and order Decandria : the whole family of the 

 plant geranium constitutes a genus of the order above men- 

 tioned ; and the different kinds, as ivy-leaved, rose-scented, 

 spotted (or Cranesbill,) vi^ood geranium, &/C. are the different 

 species of the genus. 



To distinguish the species of a plant, botanists employ two 

 words ; the first which is called the generic name, is common 

 to all the species of the same genus ; and the second, termed 

 the specijic name, is confined to a single species. For ex- 

 ample, rosa dafnascena, which is the botanic name for the 

 damask rose, rosa is the generic name applicable to the whole 

 genus or family of roses, and damascena is the specijic name, 

 used to distinguish the particular kind or species of rose. 

 Rosa alba, or white rose, is another species. Sweet Briar is 

 a species of rose, called JRosa rubiginosa. The genus Rosa 

 is in the class Icosandria, having 20 or more stamens, in- 

 serted on the Calyx, and in the order Polygynia, having 

 many pistils. 



The Lily is represented in the upper part of Engr. VII. 

 It belongs to the class Hexandria, order monogynia, having 

 six stamens 2i^ c c c c c c, and one pistil as d. Its corolla is 

 composed of six petals, sls bbbbbb. The Lily has no calyx. 

 Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the pistil ; g its receptacle or 

 base, and d its style. Fig. 5 e, is the seed vessel or pericar- 

 pium, with its pistil represented as withered. There is an 

 enlarged view also af a stamen with its filament, anther, and 

 pollen. 



Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, represent a Geranium with several of 

 its parts separately sketched : — a, calyx five leaved, and 1, 

 the same separated from the stem : — b bbb, the corolla, com- 

 posed of five regular obcordate petals : the petals are called 

 ebcordate, because they are heart-shaped with the point in- 

 ward or downward, as may be seen in b 2, which represents 

 one of the petals apart from the rest. — The nectary in the 

 spotted geranium consists of five glands, as iiii on the base 

 of the longer filaments, cccc, four which only are repre- 

 sented in fig. 3. — d 4, a pistil, and /its seed or fruit. 



The bottom fig. h h represents the base, or receptacle of 

 the cotton thistle ; it is cellular like a honeycomb. 



