AUSTRALIA. 159 



have also access to a children's and other hospital, the 

 former always directly or indirectly connected with the 

 medical school, the latter being available for extra 

 mural clinical teaching. Not much weight is placed, 

 however, on the importance or value of extra mural 

 teaching in any of the schools. On the other hand, the 

 greatest attention is given to laboratory work, and all 

 of the schools have excellent laboratories with all mod- 

 ern equipments and appliances. No other medical 

 schools in the world can offer better inducements for 

 their graduates to obtain an interneship in a hospital 

 than those of Australia. Thus, of the 218 graduates of 

 the Sydney University no less than 184 held office as 

 resident medical officers in some hospital, and growing 

 hospital facilities will only increase the number of in- 

 ternes in the future. The fees for the whole course of 

 five years, including fees charged for examination, are 

 about $575. 



The universities confer three medical degrees — 

 Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery and Doctor 

 of Medicine. To obtain the last degree a Bachelor of 

 Medicine or Surgery makes application one or two years 

 after graduation, writes a thesis or passes another exam- 

 ination and, if satisfactory, receives the degree of M.D. 

 As this degree is more honorary than useful and the 

 obtaining of it involves another and not inconsiderable 

 expense, most of the practitioners enter on their life 

 work without applying for it. Many physicians and 

 surgeons prefer the plain title of Mr. to Doctor. All 

 the professors receive a salary of from $800 to $4,500 a 

 year ; in one or two of the universities they receive a 

 pension of $2,000 a year on retirement after 20 years' 

 service. 



SYDNEY UNIVERSITY AND MEDICAL SCHOOL. 



The Sydney University commenced its first matricu- 

 lation on Oct. 4, 1857. Its courses of lectures were at 

 first restricted to those required for the Arts degree; 



