37 



it is possible to produce pork at two or three cents per 

 pound. The difficulties met with in hog raising here are 

 no greater than on the mainland. There are outbreaks 

 of hog cholera from time to time, but a careful system 

 of quarantining imported breeding stock, and the con- 

 finement of hogs in fenced areas, will obviate most danger 

 from this source. The Berkshire is to be recommended as 

 probably the best breed for our conditions. 



Dairying in Hawaii is carried on chiefly for the pro- 

 duction of milk. Only small quantities of butter are made 

 here, and no cheese. The present market price of milk 

 is ten or twelve cents per quart. There is room for much 

 improvement in the dairy industry and for considerable 

 increase in the production of milk. About 45 dairies fur- 

 nish milk to the city of Honolulu, part of these being well 

 managed by intelligent dairymen, while others are in the 

 hands, of ignorant Portuguese, who understand little of 

 the sanitary requirements of clean milk production. In 

 some localities an excellent quality of butter is produced. 

 A few of the outlying dairies in the mountain regions 

 are managed according to modern ideas of sanitation and' 

 yield excellent returns. Perhaps the chief reason for the 

 small profit, complained of in dairying, is to be found in 

 the low milk yield of dairy cows. Almost no attention 

 has been given to the selection of cows for large yield. 

 The result of this neglect is that the average cow gives 

 about one-half as much milk as the average cow on the 

 mainland. It is obvious that a few enterprising dairy- 

 men, with good training in all of the technique of the 

 business, could find room for the establishment of an in- 

 dustry with large profits in Hawaii. 



There is a steady demand for horses for dray purposes 

 in towns, and as draft and saddle animals on plantations. 

 The local demand is nearly met by local production, but 

 last year nearly 200 horses were imported. The quality 

 of the draft and saddle horses could be improved. On the 

 large ranches importations of the finest quality of breed- 

 ing animals have recently been made; in fact, the great 

 importance of fine, pure bred sires is quite well recog- 

 nized. On one ranch we have six or eight Percheron stal- 

 lions which would compare favorably with those of any 

 locality. These stallions are at present being used for 

 the production of heavy draft horses and also for the pur- 

 pose of securing mares suitable for mule raising. There 

 is room, however, for the further improvement of draft 

 animals and a reasonable number of excellent draft ani- 



