LESSON \8.] 



OTKN riSTIL3. 



121 



321. The ovaiy, fspecially ulien (•oinpoiiiKl, is ofton oovchmI by 

 ami united with tlie tube of tiie calyx, as has already been cxplaiut^J 

 (■J72). AVe describe this by saying eitlier " ovary adherent," or 

 '* calyx adherent," cVc. Or \vc say " oi-ary infrrinr" when the tube 

 of the calyx is adljcrent througliout to 

 the surface of the ovary, so that its 

 lobes, and all the rest of the flower, 

 appear to be borne on its summit, as 

 in Fiuj. 21") and Fig. 21(3; or '■'■ half- 

 inferior" as in the Purslane (Fig. 214), 



wiiere tlie calyx is adherent part way up^ or ^^ sxpcrior," where the 

 calyx and ihe ovary are not combined, as in the Cherry (Fig, 213) 

 and the like, that is, where these parts are free. Tiie term " ovary 

 superior," therefore, means just the same as "calyx inferior"; and 

 "ovary inferior," the same as "calyx superior." 



322. Open or GymilOSpfnnoilS Pislil. Tliis is what we have in Ihe 

 whole Pine family, the most peculiar, and yet the simplest, 

 of all jjistils. While the ordinary simple pistil in the eye 

 of the botanist represents a leaf rolled together into a 

 closed pod (30.3). those of the Pine, Larch (Fig. 2G4), 



264 Cedar, and Aibor-Vitaj (Fig. 2G5, 

 2GG) are plainly open leaves, in the form of 

 scales, each bearing two or more ovules on the 

 inner face, next the base. At the time of 

 blossoming, these pistil-leaves of the young 

 cone diverge, and the pollen, so abundantly 

 shed from the staminate blossoms, falls di- 

 rectly upon the exposed ovules. Afterwanls r 

 the scales close over each other until llie 

 seeds are ripe. Tiien they separate; again. ^ ^ 



that the seeds may be shed. As their ovules and seeds are not 

 enclosed in a pod, all sucli plants are said to be Ci/niiiosperiiuius, 

 that is, naked-sceJed. 



of flowering , 



FIO. 2.2. Cross-rfction of llip ovary of Ifj prririim pnvrolpns. 

 tlir ri|)0 |>imI of llio s.-iiiip. 



FK:. 204. A pixtil, llint is, a sralo of llip roiir, of a Larrli, at llio lii 

 Inside view, slidwins "<■•* pair of nakcil ovules. 



FtG. 20.5. Ilranrlilet of llip .<Vnieriran ArlHirVitir, ronsirirralily l.irser than in nature, 

 lirniinated by ils pislillate flowers, earli ronsistiiig of a single sralc (an o|ien pistil), together 

 forming a small rone. 



FKJ. ai'iCi. One of the scales or pistils of the last, rrniiived and more enlarged, the Inaid* 

 exposed to view, sliowing a pair of oviilus un its haso. 

 II 



