CAPPAUIDAClwE. (CAI'ICR FAMILY.) 7.3 



2. S. ConON6pus, DC. Leaves less divided, with narrower lobes ; pods not 

 nolclml lit the ajiex, tiilicirlcd. Virj^iuia, Purslt. Newport, Rhode Island, Roiblm, 

 &c. (Adv. from Kii.) 



19. CAKILE, Toitrn. Sea-Rocket. 



Pod short, 2-jointed across, flesiiy, the uii]Hr joint separatin^^ at maturity; 

 each indehiscent, l-celicd and 1 seeded, or the l(j\vcr sometimes seedless. Seed 

 erect in tlic upper, suspended in the lower joint. Cotyledons obliquely aceuui- 

 bent. — Seasiile fleshy annuals. Flowers purplish. (An old Arabic name.) 



1. C. Americana, Nutt. (A.meiucan Sea-Rocket.) Leaves obovate, 

 sinuate and toothed; lower joint of the fruit obovoid, emarginate ; the upper 

 ovate, flattish at the apex. — Coast of the Northern States and of the Great 

 Lakes. July-Sej)!. — Joints nearly even and fleshy when fresh; the upper 

 one 4-angled and appearing,' more beaked when dry. 



20. RAPHANUS, L. Eadisii. 



Pods linear or oblony-, tapering- upwards, 2-jointed ; the lower joint ofte-n 

 seedless and stalk-like ; tiie ujiper necklacc-ibrm by constriction between the 

 seeds, with no proper jiartition. Style long. Seeds spherical as in Cabbage, 

 &c. — Annuals or biennials. (The ancient Greek name from pa, (/uicLlij, and 

 (jialvu), to iijipear, alluding to the rapid germination.) 



1. R. RAriiANfsTKUM, L. (Wild Radish. Jointed Charlock.) Pods 

 necklace-form, long-beaked ; leaves lyre-shaped, rough ; petals yellow, turning 

 whitisii or jjurplish, veiny. — A troublesome weed in fields, E. New England to 

 Pennsylvania. (Adv. from En.) 



K. SATivus, L., Garden Radish, with pink-purple or whitish flowers, and 

 thick knobby and pointed pods, with irregular fleshy partitions between .the 

 seeds, occasionally becomes spontaneous for a year or two. 



Okder 11. CAPPARIDACE^. (Caper Family.) 



Herbs (when in northern regions), with cruciform /lowers, but 6 or more 

 not telradijnamous stamens, a l-cetled pod with 2 parietal placentcc, and kid- 

 ney-shaped seeds. — Pod as in Crncifcra?, but with no partition : seeds 

 similar, but the embryo coiled rather than folded. — Leaves alternate, 

 mostly palmately compound. — Often with tlie acrid or pungent qualities 

 of Crucifene (as in capers, tlie flower-buds of Ciipparis spinosa) ; also 

 commonly bitter and nauseous. Represented within otn- limits only by 



1. POLANISIA, Raf. PoLANisiA. 



Sei)als 4. Petals 4, witli eluws, udtelieil at the apex. Stamens 8-.12, nn- 

 eqind. Receptiiele not elongated, bearing a gland l)ehind the base of the ovary. 

 Pod linear or oblong, veiny, turgid, many-seeded. — Fetid annuals, with glan- 

 dular or clammy hairs. Flowers in leafy raeeuies. (Name from TroXi'y, iikdii/, 

 and (ifiaos, uiietjual, points in which tlie genus diflers in its stamens from 

 Cleome.) 



