7G VIOLACK.E. (VIOLKT FAMILY.) 



1. P, grav6olens, Haf. Leaves with 3 oblonn; leaflets; stamens about 

 ll.scaicrlv I'xri'idiiij: tlii' jictals : style .short; pod sli'^^htiy stipitatc. — Gravelly 

 shores, fioiu L'oiiiieetieut (near llartl'oiil) and W. Vermont to Wisconsin and 

 Kentiieky. June - Aug. — Flowers small: ealyx and Hlaments purplish: 

 petals yellowish-white. 



OuDKU V>. RESEDACE.D. (^Iigxonette Family.) 



Herbs, rcilh iinsi/nimrtriral 4 - 7-merotts small jloirrrs, nJlesJnj one-sided 

 hjpogijnons disk l/etween the peUds and the (3 - 40) stamens, bcarin;/ tlie 

 latter. Calyx not closed in the bud. Pod 3 - 6-lobed, 3 -G-horneil, l-cellcd 

 with 3 - G parietal placentce, opening at the lop before the seeds (which are 

 as in Order 11) are full (jrown. — Leaves alternate, with only glands 

 ibr stipules. Flowers in terminal .''pikes or racemes. — A small and un- 

 in)portant family, of the Old World, represented by the Mignonette 

 (^Reseda odarata) and the Dyer's Weed. 



1. KESEDA, L. Mignonette. Dyer's Rocket. 



Petals 4-7, eleft, unequal. Stamens 12-40, on one side of the (lower. 

 (Name from r(S(<li>, to ealni, in allusion to supposed sedative properties.) 



1. E.. LuTEOLA, L. (Dyer's Weed or Weld.) Leaves lanceolate; 

 calyx 4-partcd ; petals 4, greenish-yellow ; the upper one 3 - 5-cleft, the two 

 lateral .3-eleft, the lower one linear and entire; pods depressed. — Roadsides, 

 New York, &c. — Plant 2° high. Used for dyeing yellow. (Adv. from Eu.) 



Order 1-3. VIOLACE.E. (Violet Family.) 



Herbs, icith a somewhat irregular 1-spiirred corolla of 5 petals, 5 hy- 

 pogynous stamens with adnale inlrorse anthers conniving over the pMl, and 

 a l-celled 3-valved pod icith 3 parietal placenta'. — Sepals 5, persistent. 

 Petals imbricated in the bud. Stamens with their short and broad fila- 

 ments continued beyond the anther-cells, and often coherent with each 

 other. Style usually club-shaped, with the simple stigma turned to one 

 side. Valves of the capsule bearing the several-seeded placenta; on their 

 middle : after opening, each valve as it dries folils together lengthwise 

 firmly, projecting the seeds. Seeds anatropous, rather large, with a hard 

 seed-coat, and a large and straight embryo nearly as long as the albu- 

 men : cotyledons flat. — Leaves alternate, with stipules. Flowers axil- 

 lary, nodding. (Roots slightly acrid or emetic.) — Two genera in the 

 Northern United States. 



1. SO LEA, Ging., DC. Green Violet. 



Sepals not prolonged nt the hasc. Petals nearly equal in length, but 

 the lower one larger and gibbous or saccate at the base, more notched than 

 the others at the apex. Stamens completely united into a t>heath enclos- 



