190 UMBKLLIFKR^. (rARSLEY FAMILY.) 



notched at base and apex. — Massachusetts on the coast, to Penn. (on the Juni- 

 ata Hivcr, Prof. Porter), and southward. — Petioles and peduncles 3' -8" high: 

 leaves 1'- 2' wide. 



Var. ? ambigua. Umtuls .3 - 4 ; pedicels only once or twice the length ot 

 the fniit. — Maivlaiul, W. M. Cdnhi/. lutciinediate between H. umbellata and 

 H. vul<;aris : dilK is IVoni the next i)y the distinctly pedicellcd fruit. 



5. H. interitipta, Muhl. Umbels or rather little heads few-flowcrcd, 

 proliferous and tbriiiiiig an interrupted spike ; pedicels scarcely any, the broadly 

 marjiined fruit acutish at the base. — Massachusetts to Virginia and southward, 

 along the coast. — Usually smaller than No. 4. 



2. CRANTZIA, Nutt. Cr.wtzia. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit globose ; the carpels corky, ,'j-ribbed : an oil-tube 

 in each interval. — Minute perennials, creeping and rooting in ihe mud, like 

 Hydrocotyle, but with fleshy and hollow cylindrical or awl-shaped ])etioles, in 

 place of leaves, marked with cross divisions. Umbels few-tlowcrcd, simple. 

 Flowers white. (Named for Prof. Iltnrij John Craiilz, an Austrian botanist of 

 the 18th century.) 



1. C. lineclta, Nutt. Leaves somewhat club-shnped, very obtuse (r-2' 

 long) ; lateral ribs of the fruit projecting, forming a corky margin. — Brackish 

 marshes, from Massachusetts southward along the coast. July. 



3. SANICULA, Tourn. Saxicle. Black Snakeroot. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Fruit globular ; the carpels not separating 

 spontaneously, ribless, thickly clothed with hooked prickles, each with .5 oil-tubes. 

 — Perennial rather tall herbs, with palmately-lobed or parted leaves, those from 

 the root long-petioled. Umbels irregular or compound, the flowers (greenish or 

 yellowish) capitate in the umbcllcts, perfect, and with staminate ones intermixed. 

 Involucre and involucels few-leaved. (Name from f^nno, to heal.) 



1. S. Canaddnsis, L. Leaves 3-5- (the upper only 3-) parted; sfrrile 

 flowers few, scarcdi/ pediceUeil, shorter than the fertile ones ; sli/les shorter than the 

 pricL/e.'i of the fruit. — Copses. June - Aug. — Plant 10-2° high, with thin 

 leaves ; their divisions wedgc-obovate or oblong, sharply cut and serrate, the 

 lateral mostly 2-lobcd. Fruits few in each umbellet. 



2. S. Maril^ndica, L. Leaves all 5 - 7-parted ; sterile flowers nitinerous, 

 on slender perlicels, about the length of the fertile ; sti/les elonr/dted and conspicuous, 

 recurved. — Woods and copses : common. — Stem 2° -3° high ; the leaves more 

 rigid and with narrower divisions than in the former, with almost cartilaginous 

 teeth. Fruits several in each umbellet. 



4. ERYNGIUM, Tourn. Eryxgo. 



Ciilyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Styles slender. Fruit top-shaped, covered 

 with little scales or tubercles, with no ribs, and scarcely any oil-tubes. — Chiefly 

 perennials, with coriaceous, toothed, cut, or prickly leaves, and blue or white 

 bracted flowers closely sessile in dense heads. (A name used by Dioscorides, 

 of uncortaiu origin.) 



