196 UMBEI.LIFERyE. (tAUSLEY FAMILY.) 



20. ClCUTA, L. Water-Hemlock. 



Calyx miiuitelv j-toutlad. rniit sul)<i,lol)osc, a little contracted at the sides, 

 the carpels with 5 flatti^h and strong ril)s : intervals with single oil-tubes. — 

 Marsh perennials, very poisonous, smooth, with tliricc piiinately or ternately 

 conij)Ound leaves, the veins of the lanceolate or oblong leaflets tcrniinating in 

 the notches. Involucre lew-leaved: involucels many-leaved. Flowers white ; 

 in summer. (The ancient Latin name of the Hemlock.) 



1. C. macuiata, L. ( Spotted Cowba^e. Musquash Root. Bea- 

 ver-Poison.) Stem streaked with purple, stout ; leuJJcts oUoiKj-lancpolate, 

 coarselji serrate, sometimes lobed, pointed. — Swamps : common. Aug. — 

 Plant 3' - 6° high, coarse; the root a deadly poison. 



2. C. bulbifera, L. /rf'«y/e/A- //Htar, remotely todtlicd or cut-lobcd ; upper 

 axils bcartiiy cliistrrcd buHdels. — Swamps : common northward : seldom Iruiting. 



21. SiUM, L. AVater-Parsnip. 



Calyx-teeth small or none. Fruit oblong, ovate or globular, flatfish or con- 

 tracted at the sides; the carpels with 5 mostly strong rii)s : intervals with l- 

 several oil-tubes. — Marsh or aquatic perennials, smooth, poisonous, with sharp- 

 angled or grooved stems, simply pinnate leaves, and serrate or incised leaflets, 

 or the immersed leaves more compound. Involucre several-leaved. Flowers 

 •white; in summer. (Name supposed to be from tiic Celtic siu, water.) 



* Pericarp thin between the siroiit; projectinc/ ribs: lateral ribs maryimd. 



1. S. lineare, Michx. Tall (2° -4°); leaflets linear, lanceolate, or oblong- 

 lanceolate, tapering to a sharp point, very sharply serrate ; calyx-teeth none or 

 obsolete ; fruit globular, with corky and very salient ribs, or rather wiii(js ; oil-tubes 

 1-3 in the rery narroio intervals. (S. cicutajfblium, Gmelin, of Siberia is prob- 

 ably the same, and if so, the older nam6.) — In water or wet places : common. 



S. latif6lium, L., of Europe (for which broad-leaved forms of our plant 

 have been mistaken), if ever found in this country, will be known by its blunt 

 or less tapering leaves, slender calyx-teeth, and much less ]>rojecting or wing- 

 like ribs to the more oval fruit. 



2. S. Cars6nii, Durand, ined. Smaller (1°- 2° high), branched ; leaflets 

 3-7, thin, varying from linear to oIjIohl;, mute, sharply serrate; calyx-teeth 

 none or obsolete ; fruit oroicl-f/lobnlur, irilh slrnnrj filiform ribs, the broad inter- 

 vals with 1-3 conspicuous oiI-tnl)es. — Wet banks of streams, or in flowing; 

 water (when the submei-.sed or floating leaflets are very thin, sometimes reduced 

 to the terminal one, ovate or oblong, and usually laciniate-toothed or dissected : 

 in this state it was doubtfully referred to Ilelosciiidium nodiflorum, fCoeh, in 

 addend, to ed. 2). — Pennsylvania, around the Pocono Mountain, /Vc/". Traill 

 Green, Prof. T. C. Porter, Dr. Carson. Connecticut, Prof. D. C. Eaton. 



* * Ribs inconspieiio'is or confluent in the thick texture of the pericarp, concealing 

 the numerous oil -tubes, the. lateral ones not quite marginal. (Be'rula, Koch.) 

 2. S. angUStifblium, L. I>ow (9'- 20' high); leaflets varying from 

 oblong 10 linear, mostly cut-toothed and cleft or even pinnatifid ; peduncles 

 short; fruit ovate ; calyx-teeth scarcely any. — Wet places, MassaHiu.setts [M. 

 A. Cuitis in herb Durand), Michigan, Illinois (Dr. Vnxey), and westward (Ku.) 



