COMPOSURE, (composite famii,\-.) 217 



{ 2. Rays present ; 1. c. the mnrginal flowers or some of thein with ligulate corollas. 

 • I'uppus of cupillujy bristles. (Iluys uU pistillate.) 



RajR occupy ing several rows 9, 10, 14. 



Ka>8 ill oue iii.irKiiiiil row, mid 



\Vhit«, purple or blue, uever yellow 12-15. 



Yellow, of the niuiu color as the il'i^k. 



Pappus double, the outer short and minute 21. 



Pappus ^illlple. 

 Scales of the involucre equal and all in one row. Leaves alternate. . . C3. 



Scales of the involucre in two rows. Leaves opposite 04. 



Scales of the involucre imbricated. Leaves alternate 19, 22. 



* • Pappus a circle of shafTy scales, dissected into bristles. ... 44. 

 • • * Pappus a circle of tliin chuffy scales or short chaffy bristlea. 



Heads several-flowered. Receptacle chaffy. 50. 



Heads 8-10 Hi>weri'd. Keceptacle naked 18. 



Heads many-flowered. Kcceptacle dei-ply honeycombed 48. 



Heads mil ny- flowered. Keceptacle naked 45.}, 46, 47. 



• » * Pappus none, or a cup or crown, or of 2 or 3 awns, teeth, or chaffy scales corresponding 



with the edges or angles of the ucheniuui, often with intervening minute bristles or scales. 



1- Keceptacle naked. 



Acbenia flat, wing-margined. Pappus of separate little bristles or awns 16. 



Acbcnia fliit, marginless. Pappus none. Receptacle conical 17. 



Achenia terete or angled. Pappus none. Receptacle flattish 54. 



Achenia angled. Pappus a little cup or crown. Receptacle conical. .... 55. 



4- -I- Receptacle chaffy. 

 Rays neutral (rarely pistillate but sterile) ; the disk-flowers perfect and fertile. 

 Receptacle elevated (varying from strongly convex to columnar;, and 



Chaffy only at the summit ; the chaff deciduous. Pappus none 5I. 



Chaffy Ihrous'iout. Achenia flattened laterally If at all 8G-40. 



Receptacle flat or fliltish. Achenia flattened parallel with the scales or chaff. . 41,42. 

 Rays pistillate .ind fertile ; the disk-flowers also perfect and fertile. 



Achenia much flattened laterally, 1-2-awned 43. 



Achenia flattened p.irallel with the scales and chaff. Pappus none. ... 53. 



Achenia 3- 4-angular terete or laterally flatfish, awnless. 



Receptacle convex or conical. Leaves alternate dissected 52. 



Receptacle conical. Leaves opposite simple. 



Achenia ohovoid. Involucre a leafy cup 32. 



.Achenia 4-angular. Involucre of separate scales. S.'S. 



Recppticle flat. Leaves opposite and simple 33, 34. 



Rays pistillate and fertile : the disk -flowers staniinat« and sterile (pistil imperfect). 



Receptacle chaffy 25-28. 



Systemalic Synopsis. 

 Tribe I. VKRNOXIACF^.. Heads discoid ; the flowers all alike, perfect and tubu- 

 lar. Branches of the style long and slender, terete, thread-shaped, minutely bristly -hairy 

 all over. — Leaves alternate or scattered. 

 1. Vernoiiln. Heads several -many-flowered, separate. Involucre of many scales. Pap- 

 pus of many capillary bristles 

 2 Elrpliniilopiis. Heads .l-o-flowered, several crowded topether into a compound head. 



Involucre of S .scales. Pappus of several chaffy bristles. 

 Tribe II. ErP.\TORf.\rFiK. Heads di.scoid, the flowers all alike, perfect and tu- 

 bular ; or in a few cases dissimilar, and the outer ones ligulate Ilranches of the style 

 thickened upwards or club-shaped, obtuse, very mlnutbl/ and uniformly pubescent -, tb* 

 siigmaUc Unee indistinct, , 



G M— 10 



