COMPOSIT.E. (COMPOSITF, FAMILY.) 221 



Snbtribe 7. Senvcionero. Heads rniliate or disroiJ ; the rentrnl flowers perfect. An- 

 thers t^iii less. I'iippus ciipillury. KeccpCaeIc nukcJ. (Scales of the involucre cutnoionly 

 iu a siugle row.) 



• Heads discoid. Leaves alternate. 



6L EreclilUitcs. Heads many - liowercd : flowers wiiitifh ; the marginal ones pistillate 

 and witli liliforni corollas. 



62. Cacalla. Heads 5-uiaoy-flowercd: flowers white or cream-color, all tubular and perfect. 



63. Seueclo. Heads mauy-flowered : flowers yellow, all perfect. 



♦ • Heads radiate, many-flowered. 



<- Rays conspicuous and in a single row : flowers all fertile, yellow. 

 63. Senecio. I'appus fine and soft. Leaves alternate. 



C4. Arnica. I'appus of more rigid and rough-denticulate bristles. Leaves all oppo.site. 

 <- <- Rays narrow or small, in more than one row, at least in fertile heads. Leaves all radical. 

 9. Niii'dotiiiila. Flowers whitish or purplish. Scape bearing several beads. 

 10. Tu8!*iInKO. Flowers yellow. Scape bearing a single bead. 



Tribe V. CYNAREjE. Heads (in our species) discoid, with the flowers tubular, or 

 some of the outer corollas enlarged and appearing like rjvys but not truly li^'ulate. Style 

 thickened or tbickisb near the summit ; the branches stigmatic to the apex, without any 

 appendage, ofien united below. (Heads large.) 



* Marginal flowers mostly neutral or sterile. Pappus not plumose. 



65. Centnurcn. Achenia flat. Pappus of short naked bristles, or none. Marginal neutral 



flowers commonly enlarged or ray-like. 



66. Ciiiciis. Achenia terete, bearing 10 horny teeth and a pappus of 10 long and 10 shorter 



rigid naked bristles. Marginal flowers inconspicuous. 



« » Flowers all alike in the (ovoid or globular) head. 



67. Cirsiiim. .\chenia smooth. Pappus of plumose bristles. Receptacle clothed with long 



and soft bristles or hairs. 



68. Cardiiiis. Pappus of naked bristles : otherwise as No. 67. 



69. Onopordon. Achenia wrinkled transversely, 4angled. Pappus not plumose. Recep- 



tacle hone) combed. 



70. Lnppn. Achenia wrinkled, flattened. Pappus of short and rough bristles. Receptacle 



bristly. 



SUBORDKR II. L.IG1JLIFL,0R.1E:. Tribe VI. CICHORACEiE. 



Corolla lifjulate in all the flowers of the head, and all the flowers per- 

 fect. — Herbs, with milky juice. Leaves alternate. 



* Pappus none. 



71. Lampsana. Involucre cylindrical, of 8 scales in a single row. 8-12-flowercd. 



* • Pappus chaffy, or of both chaff and bristles. 



72. Cicborium. Pappus a small crown of many bristle-form scales. Involucre double. 



73. Kri^ia. Pappus of 5 broad chaffy scales, and 5 slender bristles. 



74. Cynthia. Pappus double -, the outer short, of many minute chaffy scales, the inner of 



numerous long capillar., bristles. 



• • • Pappus plumose. 



75. Lcontodon. Bristks of the pappus several, chaffy -dilated at the base, tawny. 



• • • • Pappus compo.sed entirely of capillary bristles, not plumose. 



■<- Achenia not flattened nor distinctly beaked, columnar or terete, often slender: pappus 



rather stiff, mostly tawny or ilirty-wliite. 



76. Troximon. Involucre loosely imbricated, many-flowered, corolla yellow. Achenia 



lO-ribbeil. Pappus very copious and unequal. 



77. Ilic-rarliim. Involucre more or less imbricated, 12 - many-flowered : corolla yellow. 



Achenia short. Pappus of rather scanty and tawny roughish bristle*. 



